Deterioration of the Littoral–Benthic Ecosystem Following Recent Expansion of Signal Crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) in the World’s Clearest Large Lake

Deterioration of the Littoral–Benthic Ecosystem Following Recent Expansion of Signal Crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) in the World’s Clearest Large Lake
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世界上最清澈的大湖中信号小龙虾 (Pacifastacus leniusculus) 最近的扩张导致滨海底栖生态系统恶化

DOI:
10.1007/s10021-023-00846-0
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Chandra, Sudeep
Chandra, Sudeep
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Scordo, Facundo;Girdner, Scott F.;San Pedro, Aldo;Seitz, Carina;Chandra, Sudeep

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一些生物入侵会导致清澈湖泊的近岸藻类大量繁殖。我们研究了入侵的小龙虾(细鳞螯虾)是否改变了底栖大型无脊椎动物的生物量和群落组成,从而导致营养级联,导致附着生物量增加,沿岸的初级生产力提高,以及底栖藻类在具有显着透明度的湖泊中大量繁殖[火山口湖,俄勒冈州,美国]。在量化了入侵小龙虾的空间分布的变化超过13年的时间,我们比较了生物量和群落组成的滨海底栖大型无脊椎动物,附着生物的生物量,群落组成,营养限制,和底栖藻类水华的发展在高和低的小龙虾密度的位置。此外,我们还确定了群落结构的改变是否会导致总初级生产力和生态系统呼吸的方向性变化。小龙虾分布的范围沿着火山口湖的海岸线在13年的时间里翻了一番,只剩下不到20%的海岸线没有小龙虾。在小龙虾密度高的网站,底栖大型无脊椎动物的生物量低99%,类群丰富度低50%,比小龙虾地区。高螯虾网站显示10倍以上的附着生物的生物量,6倍以上的附着生物的生物量(叶绿素),两倍以上的代谢生产力,和大型丝状藻类(刚毛藻)的存在。小龙虾的入侵对一个受美国国家公园管理局保护的湖泊产生了负面影响,直接影响到许多层面的生态组织。
Some biological invasions can result in algae blooms in the nearshore of clear lakes. We studied if an invasive crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) modified the biomass and community composition of benthic macroinvertebrates and therefore led to a trophic cascade resulting in increased periphyton biomass, elevated littoral primary productivity, and benthic algae bloom in a lake with remarkable transparency [Crater Lake, Oregon, USA]. After quantifying the changes in the spatial distribution of invasive crayfish over a 13-year period, we compared biomass and community composition of littoral–benthic macroinvertebrates, periphyton biovolume, community composition, nutrient limitation, and the development of benthic algae bloom in locations with high and low crayfish density. In addition, we determined if the alteration in community structure resulted in directional changes to gross primary production and ecosystem respiration. The extent of crayfish distribution along the shoreline of Crater Lake doubled over a 13-year period, leaving less than 20% of the shoreline free from crayfish. At high crayfish density sites, benthic macroinvertebrate biomass was 99% lower, and taxa richness was 50% lower than at low crayfish areas. High crayfish sites show tenfold greater periphyton biovolume, sixfold higher periphyton biomass (chlorophylla), twofold higher metabolic productivity, and the presence of large filamentous algae (Cladophorasp.). The invasion of crayfish had negative consequences for a lake protected under the management of the USA National Park Service, with direct impacts on many levels of ecological organization.
外来和本土小龙虾物种对滨海底栖群落的影响
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