Life in the intertidal: Cellular responses, methylation and epigenetics
Life in the intertidal: Cellular responses, methylation and epigenetics
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.13077
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Peck, Lloyd S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Clark, Melody S.;Thorne, Michael A. S.;Peck, Lloyd S.
1.表型可塑性对于生物体在不断变化的环境条件下的持久性至关重要，但相关细胞机制的控制，包括哪些基因参与以及这些基因的调控仍不清楚。解决这个问题的一种方法是在遗传同质群体中使用移植和普通花园实验来评估基因表达、甲基化和表型之间的联系。这种方法是使用南极帽贝Nacella concinna。在这个物种中，两种不同的表型与潮间带和潮下带有关。直接比较了在相互移植前后以及在普通花园适应水族箱条件9个月后的潮间带和潮下群的原位基因表达和甲基化谱.表达谱显示出对栖息地区细胞代谢的显著调节，潮间带的特征是抗氧化剂产生、DNA修复和细胞骨架的转录模块，反映了科普持续波动和应激条件（包括波浪作用、紫外线照射和干燥）的需要.移植对基因表达有影响。移植到潮间带的潮下带动物修改了它们的基因表达模式，使其趋向于潮间带剖面。相反，许多抗氧化基因在移植到相对良性的潮下带几周后仍然在潮间带动物中差异表达。此外，在公共花园实验结束时，与抗氧化有关的核心基因仍然优先在潮间带动物中表达。因此，在水族箱中驯化9个月并没有完全消除潮间带基因表达谱。从野生和移植后，减少常见的花园驯化潮间带和潮下带动物之间的甲基化显着差异。这表明表观遗传因素在与环境生态位相关的生理灵活性中起着重要作用。
1. Phenotypic plasticity is essential for the persistence of organisms under changing environmental conditions but the control of the relevant cellular mechanisms including which genes are involved and the regulation of those genes remains unclear. One way to address this issue is to evaluate links between gene expression, methylation and phenotype using transplantation and common garden experiments within genetically homogeneous populations.2. This approach was taken using the Antarctic limpet Nacella concinna. In this species, two distinct phenotypes are associated with the intertidal and subtidal zones. The in situ gene expression and methylation profiles of intertidal and subtidal cohorts were directly compared before and after reciprocal transplantation as well as after a common garden acclimation to aquarium conditions for 9 months.3. Expression profiles showed significant modulation of cellular metabolism to habitat zone with the intertidal profile characterised by transcription modules for antioxidant production, DNA repair and the cytoskeleton reflecting the need to cope with continually fluctuating and stressful conditions including wave action, UV irradiation and desiccation.4. Transplantation had an effect on gene expression. The subtidal animals transplanted to the intertidal zone modified their gene expression patterns towards that of an intertidal profile. In contrast, many of the antioxidant genes were still differentially expressed in the intertidal animals several weeks after transplantation into the relatively benign subtidal zone.5. Furthermore, a core of genes involved in antioxidation was still preferentially expressed in intertidal animals at the end of the common garden experiment. Thus, acclimation in an aquarium tank for 9 months did not completely erase the intertidal gene expression profile.6. Significant methylation differences were measured between intertidal and subtidal animals from the wild and after transplantation, which were reduced on common garden acclimation. This suggests that epigenetic factors play an important role in physiological flexibility associated with environmental niche.