Testing Biodegradable Films as Alternatives to Plastic-Film Mulching for Enhancing the Yield and Economic Benefits of Processed Tomato in Xinjiang Region
Testing Biodegradable Films as Alternatives to Plastic-Film Mulching for Enhancing the Yield and Economic Benefits of Processed Tomato in Xinjiang Region
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DOI：
10.3390/su13063093
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发表时间：
2021-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Liu, Qin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Abduwaiti, Anwar;Liu, Xiaowei;Liu, Qin
我国地膜覆盖技术的广泛应用，由于人们对地膜的合理利用缺乏认识，对塑料废弃物的回收利用缺乏重视，带来了一系列的环境污染问题。此外，使用可降解薄膜代替普通聚乙烯塑料薄膜（PE薄膜）可以有效缓解这种情况。对新疆地区加工番茄生产中用生物降解膜替代PE膜进行了研究。以裸土为对照，比较了PE膜和生物降解膜覆盖对加工番茄生长发育、产量和经济效益的影响。结果表明：（1）8 μ m左右的生物降解膜可以满足机械操作要求，生物降解膜覆盖效果与PE膜完全一致：（2）4种生物降解膜均能满足加工番茄生长发育的要求，但在增温保水方面与PE膜略有差异;（3）在新疆现有生产条件和模式下，地膜种植每公顷可获得1.14-1.64万元CNY的纯利润，生物降解膜种植与PE膜种植基本相当;（4）在加工番茄收获过程中，近50%-70%的生物降解膜破裂降解，避免了卷膜收获机卷膜现象的发生，提高了加工番茄收获作业的效率和商品率。生物降解地膜覆盖无残留污染，可替代地膜覆盖，有利于新疆农业生态系统的可持续发展。
The extensive application of plastic-film mulching (PFM) has brought a series of environmental pollution due to the lack of awareness of plastic-film rational use and absence of plastic residues recycling in China. In addition, the use of degradable film instead of common polyethylene plastic film (PE film) can effectively alleviate this situation. The substitution of PE film with biodegradable film in the agricultural production of processed tomato in Xinjiang region was investigated in this study. Using bare soil as the control, we compared the effects of PE film and biodegradable film mulching on crop growth, yield, and economic benefits in processed tomato. The results indicated that: (1) Biodegradable film with a thickness of about 8 mu m can meet the mechanical operation requirements, and the effect of biodegradable film mulching was completely consistent with that of PE film; (2) Four kinds of biodegradable film can meet the requirements of processed tomato growth and development, although slightly different from PE film in increasing temperature and water retention; (3) Plastic-film planting can ensure a net profit of 1.14-1.64 ten thousand CNY per hectare under the current production conditions and mode of Xinjiang region, and biodegradable film planting was observed to be essentially equal to those of PE film; (4) Nearly 50%-70% of the biodegradable film was ruptured and degraded during processed tomato harvesting, which avoided the occurrence of the winch of the plastic-film winding harvester and improves the efficiency and commodity rate of the processed tomato harvest operation. As the biodegradable film mulching causes no residual pollution, it is accepted to be an alternative to plastic-film mulching for agricultural applications and supports the sustainable development of agroecosystems in Xinjiang region.