Effects of antihypertensive drugs on ultrasound production and cardiovascular responses in 15-day-old rats.
Effects of antihypertensive drugs on ultrasound production and cardiovascular responses in 15-day-old rats.
复制标题
抗高血压药物对 15 日龄大鼠超声产生和心血管反应的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/s0166-4328(01)00369-2
复制
发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Lewis,SeanJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blumberg,MarkS;Sokoloff,Greta;Kirby,RobertF;Knoot,TriciaG;Lewis,SeanJ
当暴露于极冷或注射α2-肾上腺素受体激动剂可乐定时，幼鼠发出超声发声（USVs）。基于伴随这两种操作的心血管变化，特别是静脉回流减少，假设USV是腹部压迫反应（ACR）的声学副产物，这是一种增加静脉回流的操作。如果这一假设是正确的，那么其他降低静脉回流的降压药物应该会引起USV。实验1中，在热中性条件下，对15日龄大鼠给予硝普钠（SNP，400 μg/kg），一种直接作用的动脉和静脉扩张剂，同时监测心率和超声产生。在实验2中，在SNP施用后监测股动脉压力。婴儿对SNP给药的反应是动脉压降低和心动过速，此外，超声产生显著增加。在实验3中，对15日龄的婴儿给予氯异松达明（5 mg/kg）（一种引起血管舒张和心动过缓的神经节阻滞剂）和肼苯哒嗪（20 mg/kg）（一种选择性动脉扩张剂）。正如所预测的，氯异达明诱发超声产生和肼苯哒嗪没有。这些结果引入SNP和氯异松达明作为能够在热中性条件下独立地诱发USV的第二和第三已知药剂，并且为超声产生由静脉回流减少触发的概念提供进一步支持。
When exposed to extreme cold or injected with the α2-adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine, infant rats emit ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs). Based upon the cardiovascular changes that accompany these two manipulations, especially decreased venous return, it was hypothesized that USVs are the acoustic by-product of the abdominal compression reaction (ACR), a maneuver that increases venous return. If this hypothesis is correct, then other anithypertensive drugs that decrease venous return should evoke USVs. In Experiment 1, sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 400 μg/kg), a direct-acting dilator of arteries and veins, was administered to 15-day-old rats under thermoneutral conditions while cardiac rate and ultrasound production were monitored. In Experiment 2, femoral artery pressure was monitored after SNP administration. Infants responded to SNP administration with decreased arterial pressure and tachycardia and, in addition, significantly increased ultrasound production. In Experiment 3, chlorisondamine (5 mg/kg), a ganglionic blocker that causes vasodilation and bradycardia, and hydralazine (20 mg/kg), a selective dilator of arteries, was administered to 15-day-olds. As predicted, chlorisondamine evoked ultrasound production and hydralazine did not. These results introduce SNP and chlorisondamine as only the second and third known agents capable of independently evoking USVs in thermoneutral conditions, and provide further support for the notion that ultrasound production is triggered by decreased venous return.