Activity of neurons in the lower precentral cortex during voluntary and rhythmical jaw movements in the monkey
Activity of neurons in the lower precentral cortex during voluntary and rhythmical jaw movements in the monkey
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猴子随意和有节奏的下颌运动期间下中央前皮层神经元的活动
DOI：
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发表时间：
1974
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Yves Lamarre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. P. Lund;Yves Lamarre
摘要在进行自主和半自动的颌骨节律性运动的猕猴中，记录了中央前皮质下部和颞上回的171个神经元的活动。75%的中枢前神经元的放电模式与颌骨运动的表现有关，重复电刺激包含反应单位的区域可引起协调的节律性咀嚼运动。根据反应神经元的放电模式进行划分。在所有类型的张口运动中，15个神经元优先放电。他们显然接受了本体感觉输入，因为他们在实验者张开下巴时开枪。帮助颌骨张开的载荷增加了张开时的放电频率，最大放电频率与下颌骨的最大位移成正比。36个神经元的放电与张口的时相关系较弱，25个神经元在张口时放电，5个神经元在舌前伸时放电。这些神经元可能控制着许多颌部、面部和舌部的肌肉，这些肌肉并不是主要负责打开或关闭颌骨的。16个神经元在一系列运动过程中被兴奋或抑制，但其放电频率的波动与运动时相无关。在所有条件下，只有4个神经元在闭合时优先放电。它们的放电频率不受帮助或反对闭合的负荷的影响，也与颌骨的速度或位移无关。13个神经元在牙齿接触或苹果在牙齿之间被挤压时放电，可能接受牙周加压受体的感觉输入。有人认为，这种类型的神经元可以控制闭合肌的张力，当它们的收缩被牙齿之间的阻力所对抗时。然而，非对抗性的闭合动作，比如那些发生在有节奏的半自动品尝动作中的动作，可能是在脑干水平上控制的。
SummaryThe activity of 171 neurons in the lower precentral cortex and superior temporal gyrus were recorded in monkeys making voluntary and semiautomatic rhythmical jaw movements. The discharge pattern of 75% of the precentral neurons was related to the performance of jaw movements and repetitive electrical stimulation of the region containing responsive units evoked coordinated rhythmical masticatory movements. Responsive neurons were divided according to their patterns of discharge.Fifteen neurons discharged preferentially during all types of jaw opening movements. They apparently received a proprioceptive sensory input since they fired when the jaw was opened by the experimenter. Loads which aided jaw opening increased their discharge frequency during opening movements and the maximum discharge frequency was proportional to the maximum displacement of the mandible. It was suggested that these neurons excite jaw opening motoneurons and inhibit jaw closers.Thirty-six neurons fired with a weaker phase relationship to jaw opening, 25 neurons discharged when the jaw was open and 5 neurons discharged during protrusion of the tongue. These neurons may control the many jaw, face and tongue muscles which are not principally responsible for opening or closing the jaw. Sixteen neurons were excited or inhibited throughout a series of movements, but fluctuations in their discharge frequency were not correlated to the phase of movement.Only 4 neurons discharged preferentially during closure under all conditions. Their firing frequency was not affected by loads aiding or opposing closure and did not correlate with the velocity or displacement of the jaw.Thirteen neurons discharged when the teeth were in contact or when apple was crushed between the teeth and probably received a sensory input from the periodontal pressor receptors. It was suggested that this type of neuron could control the tension developed in jaw closing muscles when their contraction is opposed by a resistance between the teeth. However, unopposed closing movements, such as those occurring during rhythmical semiautomatic tasting movements, are probably controlled at the brain stem level.