Myocarditis.
Myocarditis.
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DOI：
10.1056/nejmra0800028
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发表时间：
2009-04-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cooper LT Jr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cooper LT Jr
心肌炎可能出现多种症状，从轻度呼吸困难或胸痛（无需特殊治疗即可缓解）到心源性休克和死亡。扩张型心肌病伴慢性心力衰竭是心肌炎的主要长期后遗症。最常见的心肌炎是由常见的病毒感染引起的;较不常见的是，特殊形式的心肌炎可能由其他病原体、毒性或超敏药物反应、巨细胞心肌炎或结节病引起。心肌炎的预后和治疗因病因而异，临床和血流动力学数据通常提供指导，以决定何时将患者转诊至专科医生进行心肌内膜活检。本综述的目的是提供一个实用的和当前的方法来评估和治疗可疑心肌炎。
Myocarditis may present with a wide range of symptoms, ranging from mild dyspnea or chest pain that resolves without specific therapy to cardiogenic shock and death. Dilated cardiomyopathy with chronic heart failure is the major long-term sequela of myocarditis. Most often, myocarditis results from common viral infections; less commonly, specific forms of myocarditis may result from other pathogens, toxic or hypersensitivity drug reactions, giant-cell myocarditis, or sarcoidosis. The prognosis and treatment of myocarditis vary according to the cause, and clinical and hemodynamic data usually provide guidance to decide when to refer a patient to a specialist for endomyocardial biopsy. The aim of this review is to provide a practical and current approach to the evaluation and treatment of suspected myocarditis.