Mentoring Young African American Men and Transgender Women Who Have Sex With Men on Sexual Health: Formative Research for an HIV Mobile Health Intervention for Mentors.
Mentoring Young African American Men and Transgender Women Who Have Sex With Men on Sexual Health: Formative Research for an HIV Mobile Health Intervention for Mentors.
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DOI：
10.2196/17317
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发表时间：
2020-12-17
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Levine D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaufman MR;Casella A;Wiginton JM;Xu W;DuBois DL;Arrington-Sanders R;Simon J;Levine D
与男性发生性关系的非洲裔美国男性（MSM）和变性女性承担着不成比例的艾滋病毒负担。年轻的男男性接触者占青年负担的75%。当青少年缺乏社会保护资源，如强大的成年人网络，包括父母，教师或社区成员，导师可能在促进健康行为方面发挥关键作用。这对于有艾滋病毒风险的青年尤其如此，例如具有性和性别少数群体身份的非洲裔美国青年。在过去的十年中，自然指导和指导计划已经激增，成为一种关键的预防和干预战略，以改善面临不良学术，社会和健康问题风险的年轻人的结果。导师似乎能够通过塑造健康的行为来促进年轻的SGM的健康;然而，导师对包括艾滋病毒在内的性健康主题的知识和资源需求没有得到充分研究，移动的技术在加强导师关系方面的潜在作用以及导师了解青年面临的敏感问题的能力也没有得到充分研究。本研究的目的是探讨如何指导发挥作用的非裔美国人SGM青年的性健康和了解如何指导关系可以通过移动的技术，以促进青年艾滋病毒预防行为得到加强。深入访谈进行了非裔美国人SGM青年学员（n=17）和导师（n=20），这些青年在3个大西洋中部城市。对学员的访谈侧重于讨论性健康和艾滋病毒问题，以及导师如何提出这些问题。对辅导员的访谈探讨了性健康和艾滋病毒是否是目前的辅导主题、辅导员对辅导这些问题的知识和信心以及讨论的障碍。所有参与者都被问及移动的应用程序是否有助于促进对敏感健康问题的指导，特别是艾滋病毒和性健康。数据被转录，编码，并分析相关的主题。性健康是辅导关系中的一个常见话题，在自然辅导中比在辅导计划中更常见。导师和学员对这种讨论持积极态度。导师们表示，除了使用避孕套和艾滋病毒检测之外，他们的知识有限，并表示需要更完整的资源。在讨论性健康问题时，导师和学员的舒适度各不相同。充分的信任和分享的生活经验使讨论更容易。学员有多方面的需求;然而，导师们表示，提供自我培训、资源、其他导师的支持和更好指导的提示的应用程序资源可能是有益的。对于非裔美国人SGM社区来说，获得自然导师对年轻人学习健康行为至关重要。一个移动的资源，帮助导师自信地与学员进行讨论，可能是促进健康做法的一个有前途的方法。
African American men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women bear a disproportionate burden of HIV. Young MSM account for 75% of this burden for youth. When youths lack socially protective resources such as strong networks of adults, including parents, teachers, or community members, mentors may play a critical role in promoting health behaviors. This is especially true for youth at risk for HIV, such as African American youth with sexual and gender minority (SGM) identities. In the past decade, natural mentoring and mentoring programs have proliferated as a key prevention and intervention strategy to improve outcomes for young people at risk for poor academic, social, and health issues. Mentors appear to be able to facilitate health promotion among young SGM by modeling healthy behaviors; however, mentors’ knowledge and resource needs regarding sexual health topics including HIV are understudied, as is the potential role of mobile technology in enhancing mentoring relationships and the ability of mentors to learn about sensitive issues faced by youth. The aim of this study is to explore how mentoring plays a role in the sexual health of African American SGM youth and understand how mentoring relationships can be strengthened through mobile technology to promote youth HIV prevention behaviors. In-depth interviews were conducted with African American SGM youth mentees (n=17) and mentors (n=20) to such youths in 3 Mid-Atlantic cities. Mentee interviews focused on discussions regarding sexual health and HIV and how a mentor could broach such topics. Mentor interviews explored whether sexual health and HIV are currently mentoring topics, mentors’ knowledge and confidence in mentoring on these issues, and barriers to discussions. All participants were asked if a mobile app could help facilitate mentoring on sensitive health issues, particularly HIV and sexual health. Data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed for relevant themes. Sexual health was a common topic in mentoring relationships, occurring more in natural mentorships than in mentoring program pairs. Mentors and mentees felt positive about such discussions. Mentors expressed having limited knowledge beyond condom use and HIV testing, and expressed a need for more complete resources. Both mentors and mentees had mixed comfort levels when discussing sexual health. Sufficient trust and shared lived experiences made discussions easier. Mentees have multifaceted needs; however, mentors stated that an app resource that provided self-training, resources, support from other mentors, and tips for better mentoring could prove beneficial. For the African American SGM community, access to natural mentors is crucial for young people to learn healthy behaviors. A mobile resource to assist mentors in confidently having discussions with mentees may be a promising way to promote healthy practices.