Trait-mediated indirect interactions among residents of rocky shore tidepools
Trait-mediated indirect interactions among residents of rocky shore tidepools
复制标题
岩石海岸潮汐池居民之间特征介导的间接互动
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Miner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Morgan;S. Gravem;Adam C. Lipus;Marcos Grabiel;B. Miner
作者：Morgan，SG; Gravem，SA; Lipus，AC; Grabiel，M; Miner，BG|摘要：© 2016 Inter-Research.性状介导的间接相互作用（TMIIs）是食物网结构和动态的重要组成部分。我们确定TMII是否发生在美国西海岸的岩石潮池社区。在实验室条件下，对楔石型捕食性天敌赭腹海星Pisaster ochraceus的成、幼鱼和小型捕食性海星Leptasterias spp.导致大量食草性蜗牛Tegula funebralis停止觅食并逃离水中，导致微型和大型藻类的TMII呈阳性。钉螺喜食石莼、科隆比亚纳刚毛藻和紫菜3种常见的大型藻类。超过4人，表明海星可能提供最强的利益，这些物种在潮池。在实验室中，蜗牛迅速回应这两个物种的掠食性海星和更多的蜗牛比可以吃的，因此，有一个潜在的TMIIs发生在自然种群。蜗牛响应水性线索P.赭色减少放牧，留下静水，并减少放牧层流（0.5升分钟-1），导致TMII的影响至少远至75厘米远。赭色拟单胞菌和细粉拟单胞菌成虫在退潮时引入潮池，导致许多蜗牛逃离潮池。蜗牛的反应有相当大的个体差异。中型和大型蜗牛介导的TMII和饥饿的蜗牛是轻微的海星可能改变TMII强度的性质。因此，我们表明，TMIIs可能发生在自然潮池，并显示如何捕食者和藻类的身份，捕食者和猎物的大小，水流和猎物的饥饿程度可能会影响这些TMIIs。
Author(s): Morgan, SG; Gravem, SA; Lipus, AC; Grabiel, M; Miner, BG | Abstract: © 2016 Inter-Research. Trait-mediated indirect interactions (TMIIs) are an important component of food web structure and dynamics. We determined whether TMIIs occur in rocky tidepool communities on the west coast of the USA. In the laboratory, both adults and juveniles of the keystone predator Pisaster ochraceus and adults of a smaller predatory seastar Leptasterias spp. caused the abundant herbivorous snail Tegula funebralis to stop foraging and flee the water, inducing a positive TMII on micro-and macroalgae. Snails preferred 3 common species of macroalgae (Ulva lactuca, Cladophora columbiana and Porphyra spp.) over 4 others, indicating that seastars might provide the strongest benefits to these species in tidepools. In the laboratory, snails responded rapidly to both species of predatory seastars and many more snails responded than could be eaten; thus, there is a potential for TMIIs to occur in natural populations. Snails responded to waterborne cues from P. ochraceus by reducing grazing and leaving still water, and reducing grazing in laminar flow (0.5 l min-1), resulting in TMII effects at least as far as 75 cm away. Adult P. ochraceus and Leptasterias spp. introduced to tidepools during low tide induced many snails to flee the tidepools. Considerable individual variation occurred in the responses of snails. Medium and large snails mediated TMIIs and hungry snails were marginally less responsive to seastars potentially altering TMII strength in nature. Thus, we demonstrated that TMIIs could occur in natural tidepools and showed how predator and algal identity, predator and prey size, water flow and prey hunger level may influence these TMIIs.