Lower Baseline Performance but Greater Plasticity of Working Memory for Carriers of the Val Allele of the COMT Val158Met Polymorphism
Lower Baseline Performance but Greater Plasticity of Working Memory for Carriers of the Val Allele of the COMT Val158Met Polymorphism
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DOI：
10.1037/neu0000088
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Loevden, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bellander, Martin;Backman, Lars;Loevden, Martin
目的：关于认知可塑性个体差异的遗传贡献知之甚少。鉴于神经递质多巴胺对认知至关重要，并与认知可塑性相关，我们研究了3种多巴胺相关基因（LMX1A，DRD2，COMT）多态性对基线表现和工作记忆（WM），知觉速度和推理的可塑性的影响。方法：101名年轻人和103名老年人接受了大约100天的认知训练，以及训练前后的广泛测试。我们分析了基线和后测数据使用潜在变化得分模型。结果如下：对于工作记忆，携带COMT多态性的瓦尔等位基因的人比携带met等位基因的人有更低的基线表现和更大的训练表现增益。其他基因或其他认知领域没有显着影响。结论：我们将这一结果与现有的证据表明，满足运营商执行更好的比瓦尔运营商在WM任务征税维护，而瓦尔运营商执行更好的更新任务。我们认为，瓦尔运营商可能会表现出更大的培训收益，因为更新操作进行更大的潜力比维护操作的可塑性。
Objective: Little is known about genetic contributions to individual differences in cognitive plasticity. Given that the neurotransmitter dopamine is critical for cognition and associated with cognitive plasticity, we investigated the effects of 3 polymorphisms of dopamine-related genes (LMX1A, DRD2, COMT) on baseline performance and plasticity of working memory (WM), perceptual speed, and reasoning. Method: One hundred one younger and 103 older adults underwent approximately 100 days of cognitive training, and extensive testing before and after training. We analyzed the baseline and posttest data using latent change score models. Results: For working memory, carriers of the val allele of the COMT polymorphism had lower baseline performance and larger performance gains from training than carriers of the met allele. There was no significant effect of the other genes or on other cognitive domains. Conclusions: We relate this result to available evidence indicating that met carriers perform better than val carriers in WM tasks taxing maintenance, whereas val carriers perform better at updating tasks. We suggest that val carriers may show larger training gains because updating operations carry greater potential for plasticity than maintenance operations.