Behavioral effects of social challenges and genomic mechanisms of social priming: What's testosterone got to do with it?
Behavioral effects of social challenges and genomic mechanisms of social priming: What's testosterone got to do with it?
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社会挑战的行为影响和社会启动的基因组机制：睾酮与它有什么关系？
DOI：
10.1093/czoolo/60.6.791
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Peterson,MarkP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rosvall,KimberlyA;Peterson,MarkP
来自竞争对手的社会挑战在动物的生活中很常见，动物社会环境的变化可以影响生理和行为，在面对持续的社会不稳定(即社会启动)时，这种变化似乎是适应的。最近，很明显，长期以来被认为是这些影响的主要中介的睾丸激素，可能并不总是随着社会挑战的反应而改变，这一观察结果突显了我们对动物对其社会环境做出反应的最接近机制的理解存在差距。在这里，我们的目标是解决睾丸激素在多大程度上调节组织对社交暗示的反应。为此，我们回顾了社会挑战的行为和生理后果，以及它们潜在的激素和基因调节机制。我们还提供了一个来自野生鸣鸟的新案例研究，在这个案例中，我们发现了由社会挑战和睾丸激素分别在肌肉和肝脏组织中诱导的很大程度上不同的基因组转录变化。我们的综述强调了将动态的社会环境与生物体的基因组、激素和行为状态联系起来的机制的多样性。物种之间的这种多样性，甚至一个有机体内的组织之间的多样性，揭示了进化可能改变社会启动的近距离机制的模式和过程。
Social challenges from rival conspecifics are common in the lives of animals, and changes in an animal’s social environment can influence physiology and behavior in ways that appear to be adaptive in the face of continued social instability (i.e. social priming). Recently, it has become clear that testosterone, long thought to be the primary mediator of these effects, may not always change in response to social challenges, an observation that highlights gaps in our understanding of the proximate mechanisms by which animals respond to their social environment. Here, our goal is to address the degree to which testosterone mediates organismal responses to social cues. To this end, we review the behavioral and physiological consequences of social challenges, as well as their underlying hormonal and gene regulatory mechanisms. We also present a new case study from a wild songbird, the dark-eyed juncoJunco hyemalis, in which we find largely divergent genome-wide transcriptional changes induced by social challenges and testosterone, respectively, in muscle and liver tissue. Our review underscores the diversity of mechanisms that link the dynamic social environment with an organisms’ genomic, hormonal, and behavioral state. This diversity among species, and even among tissues within an organism, reveals new insights into the pattern and process by which evolution may alter proximate mechanisms of social priming.