The Effects of Ultraviolet Light on Bacteria Suspended in Air
The Effects of Ultraviolet Light on Bacteria Suspended in Air
复制标题
紫外线对空气中悬浮细菌的影响
作者：
D. Sharp
在过去的60年里，人们已经详细地描述了光，尤其是紫外线对细菌的影响。然而，直到最近才对空气传播的细菌进行了定量测量（威尔斯（1936）和夏普（1938））。哈特（1936-1939）广泛使用短波紫外线来预防外科手术中的空气传播感染，这表明进一步定量测量光灭菌在该领域可能是有用的。在这种测量中，会遇到实验上的困难，而这些困难在将固体培养基上的有机体培养物暴露于射线作用下的通常方法中不会出现。另一方面，悬浮在空气中并在该介质中照射的细菌比它们被培养基包围时更容易对单独的射线的影响做出反应。以这种方式处理的细菌的行为在某些方面类似于通过通常方法观察到的行为，但在以下实验中也存在显著差异。在以前的通信（夏普（1938年）），获得了某些初步数据，以确定辐射能耐受性的白色葡萄球菌。本工作是关于一个更完整的研究白色葡萄球菌用同样的方法。其他几种生物也进行了研究，并确定了大肠杆菌的存活率与能量的关系。
The effect of light, and especially ultraviolet light, on bacteria have been described in great detail during the past sixty years. Only recently, however, have these same effects been measured quantitatively on air-borne bacteria (Wells (1936) and Sharp (1938)). Extensive use of short wave ultraviolet rays by Hart (1936-1939) for prevention of air-borne infection during surgical operations has suggested that further quantitative measurements on photosterilization might be useful in that field. In such measurements experimental difficulties are encountered which do not appear in the usual method of exposing cultures of organisms on solid media to the action of the rays. On the other hand, bacteria suspended in air and irradiated in that medium are more likely to respond to the influence of the rays alone than they would if they were surrounded by culture media. The behavior of bacteria treated in this manner is in some ways similar to that observed by the usual methods but there are also significant differences which are brought out in the following experiments. In a previous communication (Sharp (1938)) certain preliminary data were obtained to determine the radiant energy tolerance of Staphylococcus albus. The present work is concerned with a more complete study of Staphylococcus albus by the same method. Several other organisms have been studied as well and a determination of the survival ratio vs. energy relations for Escherichia coli has also been made.