INTERCELLULAR C-SIGNALING AND THE TRAVELING WAVES OF MYXOCOCCUS
INTERCELLULAR C-SIGNALING AND THE TRAVELING WAVES OF MYXOCOCCUS
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DOI：
10.1101/gad.8.23.2793
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发表时间：
1994-12-01
影响因子：
10.5
通讯作者：
KAISER, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SAGER, B;KAISER, D
在发育成子实体的早期，黄色粘球菌细胞将自身组织成密集的带，并以行波列的形式移动。 C 因子是一种 20 kD 细胞表面结合蛋白，是这些波所需的短程发育信号分子。 C 因子在波形中起什么作用？有人提出，细胞之间的定向碰撞会引发 C 信号传导，进而导致单个细胞反转其滑动方向。细胞会移动大约一个波长，然后反向移动。几条实验证据支持这些建议：（1）控制自发反转频率的信号转导途径发生突变的细胞失去了形成波的能力； (2) 向发育中的细胞提呈去污剂溶解的 C 因子，使单细胞逆转的平均频率增加了三倍； (3)跟踪波中荧光标记的细胞，发现它们沿着波传播轴的线性路径移动和反转。正如预期的那样，我们发现类似数量的细胞沿波纹传播方向移动，并沿相反方向移动。 (4) 用 C 因子缺陷细胞稀释 C 信号传导活性细胞会增加波长，因为有效碰撞的可能性会降低。这些波举例说明了一种可以从头产生多细胞条纹图案的方法，该图案可以在长达 1 厘米的距离内保持条纹之间均匀的 50 微米间隔。
Early in their development into fruiting bodies, Myxococcus xanthus cells organize themselves into dense bands that move as trains of traveling waves. C-factor, a 20-kD cell-surface bound protein, is a short-range developmental signal molecule required for these waves. What is the role of C-factor in the wave pattern? It is proposed that oriented collisions between cells initiate C-signaling, which, in turn, causes individual cells to reverse their direction of gliding. Cells would move about one wavelength and then reverse. Several lines of experimental evidence support these proposals: (1) Cells that suffered a mutation in the signal transduction pathway that controls the spontaneous reversal frequency lost the ability to form waves; (2) presentation of developing cells with detergent-solubilized C-factor increased the mean frequency of single cell reversal by three-fold; and (3) fluorescently labeled cells in the waves were tracked, and it was found that they moved and reversed on linear paths along the axis of wave propagation. Similar numbers of cells were found moving in the direction of ripple propagation, and in the reverse direction, as expected. (4) Dilution of C-signaling-competent cells with C-factor-deficient cells increased the wavelength as the probability of productive collision decreased. The waves exemplify a way that a multicellular pattern of stripes can be produced de novo, one that maintains a uniform 50-mu m separation between stripes over a distance as large as 1 cm.