Sex and gender differences in lung development and their clinical significance
Sex and gender differences in lung development and their clinical significance
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ccm.2004.01.012
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Postma, DS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boezen, HA;Jansen, DF;Postma, DS
由于对肺实质的发育知之甚少，本文着重于发育期气道的变化。肺在人的一生中的大部分时间都在继续发育。在生命早期的不同阶段（即人类子宫内发育、出生或婴儿期），支气管和细支气管的改变可能使人们在以后发生气流限制。遗传和外源性因素，如胎儿或新生儿被动暴露于烟草烟雾、病毒性下呼吸道感染、早产或新生儿机械通气，都可能影响发育[1]。这项研究调查了环境因素和暴露（如吸烟）在多大程度上影响整个生命周期的气道发育，以及这些模式在男性和女性之间是否存在差异。一般和性别特异性模式的胎儿，围产期和出生后的肺生长和生长模式在儿童期，青春期和成年期的描述。
Because little is known about the development of lung parenchyma, this article focuses on developmental airway changes. The lung continues to develop throughout most of a person's life. Alterations to bronchi and bronchioli during the distinct phases of early life (ie, human intrauterine development, birth, or infancy) may predispose people to development of airflow limitation later. Both genetic and exogenous factors, such as fetal or neonatal passive exposure to tobacco smoke, viral lower respiratory tract infections, prematurity, or neonatal mechanical ventilation, may influence development [1]. This study investigates to what extent environmental factors and exposures, such as cigarette smoking, affect airway development throughout a lifespan and whether these patterns differ between men and women. The general and sex-specific patterns of fetal, perinatal, and postnatal lung growth and growth patterns in childhood, puberty, and adulthood are described.