Quantifying nectar production by flowering plants in urban and rural landscapes
Quantifying nectar production by flowering plants in urban and rural landscapes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2745.13598
复制
发表时间：
2021-02-21
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Baldock, Katherine C. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tew, Nicholas E.;Memmott, Jane;Baldock, Katherine C. R.
花卉资源（花蜜和花粉）为昆虫授粉者提供食物，但由于土地使用的变化，农村的花卉资源已经减少。鉴于广泛的传粉者损失，重要的是，我们量化他们的食物供应，以帮助制定保护行动。虽然花蜜资源已经在农村景观中测量，但城市地区缺乏相应的数据，这是一个重要的知识空白，因为城镇和城市通常拥有不同的传粉者种群。我们通过结合536种开花植物分类群的花卉丰度和花蜜糖产量数据，量化了英国城市地区，农田和自然保护区的花蜜供应。使我们能够比较景观类型和评估花蜜糖的空间分布在城市内的土地利用。花蜜糖生产的大小并没有显着差异的三个景观。在城市地区的花蜜供应来源更加多样化，主要由非本地开花植物提供。在城市内部，城市土地使用在花蜜糖生产方面差异很大。花园提供了每单位面积最多的花蜜糖，占城市规模所有花蜜的85%，而花园和分配产生了最多样化的花蜜糖供应。花的丰富度，通常被用作传粉者食物供应的代理，与花蜜资源密切相关，但花蜜供应的变化中有很大一部分无法解释。我们发现，城市地区是花卉资源多样性的热点，而不是数量和他们的花蜜供应是由住宅花园的贡献。个体园丁在传粉者保护中扮演着重要的角色，因为观赏植物通常是非本土的，是城镇和城市花蜜的主要来源。
Floral resources (nectar and pollen) provide food for insect pollinators but have declined in the countryside due to land use change. Given widespread pollinator loss, it is important that we quantify their food supply to help develop conservation actions. While nectar resources have been measured in rural landscapes, equivalent data are lacking for urban areas, an important knowledge gap as towns and cities often host diverse pollinator populations.We quantified the nectar supply of urban areas, farmland and nature reserves in the UK by combining floral abundance and nectar sugar production data for 536 flowering plant taxa, allowing us to compare landscape types and assess the spatial distribution of nectar sugar among land uses within cities.The magnitude of nectar sugar production did not differ significantly among the three landscapes. In urban areas the nectar supply was more diverse in origin and predominantly delivered by non-native flowering plants. Within cities, urban land uses varied greatly in nectar sugar production. Gardens provided the most nectar sugar per unit area and 85% of all nectar at a city scale, while gardens and allotments produced the most diverse supplies of nectar sugar. Floral abundance, commonly used as a proxy for pollinators' food supply, correlated strongly with nectar resources, but left a substantial proportion of the variation in nectar supply unexplained.Synthesis. We show that urban areas are hotspots of floral resource diversity rather than quantity and their nectar supply is underpinned by the contribution of residential gardens. Individual gardeners have an important role to play in pollinator conservation as ornamental plants, usually non-native in origin, are a key source of nectar in towns and cities.