Why regulators assess risk differently: Regulatory style, business organization, and the varied practice of risk-based food safety inspections across the EU
Why regulators assess risk differently: Regulatory style, business organization, and the varied practice of risk-based food safety inspections across the EU
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DOI：
10.1111/rego.12320
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发表时间：
2020-05-19
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Paul, Regine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Borraz, Olivier;Beaussier, Anne-Laure;Paul, Regine
本文超越对正式法律和欧盟委员会论的传统关注，评估欧盟监管实施中“实践趋同”的程度，从而推进了比较监管方面的学术研究。根据 50 名关键知情人访谈、一项调查和政策文件分析，我们比较了英国、德国、法国和荷兰的监管机构如何执行欧盟关于食品安全检查“基于风险”的要求。关注一个明确的因变量——风险评分方法——我们发现基于风险的检查的概念和目标存在重要差异；对于他们需要瞄准什么样的食品企业以确保表面上统一的单一市场内的安全而言，这有着截然不同的影响。我们将基于风险的检验实施的差异归因于欧盟要求通过各国长期根深蒂固的监管风格和食品商业组织模式进行过滤的方式，从而在设计新的基于风险的工具时加强了现有的检验实践。
This article advances scholarship on comparative regulation by moving beyond the conventional focus on formal law and EU comitology to assess the extent of 'practice convergence' in the implementation of EU regulation. Drawing on 50 key informant interviews, a survey, and policy document analysis, we compare how regulators in England, Germany, France and the Netherlands have implemented EU requirements that food safety inspections be 'risk-based'. Focusing on a clear dependent variable - risk-scoring methods - we find important differences in the conception and targeting of risk-based inspections; with starkly different implications for what kind of food businesses they need to target to ensure safety within an ostensibly harmonized single market. We attribute variation in the implementation of risk-based inspection to the ways that EU requirements were filtered through long-entrenched regulatory styles and modes of food business organization in each country, reinforcing preexisting inspection practices in the design of new risk-based tools.