Refusing to know a woman’s place: the causes and consequences of rejecting stereotypes of women politicians in the Americas†
Refusing to know a woman’s place: the causes and consequences of rejecting stereotypes of women politicians in the Americas†
复制标题
拒绝了解女性的地位：拒绝美洲女性政治家成见的原因和后果†
DOI：
10.1080/21565503.2016.1198707
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Valerie M. Hennings
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Smith;Katherine Warming;Valerie M. Hennings
摘要 性别领导刻板印象对女性代表性的来源和影响是什么？我们利用来自 25 个国家的 AmericasBarometer 调查数据，探讨了刻板印象在塑造公众对女性代表态度方面的作用。我们报告了三个关键结果。首先，几乎每个国家的典型受访者都拒绝接受性别领导陈规定型观念，并确认女性和男性领导人在腐败和经济方面具有同等资格。即使我们试图解释社会期望偏差，这一点仍然成立。其次，陈规定型观念有重要的个人和国家层面的决定因素。在女性代表性和劳动力参与率较高但没有性别配额的国家，公民更有可能选择支持女性和中立的反应，而不是支持男性的刻板印象。在个人层面上，那些拒绝成见的人比那些支持女性成见的人更少独裁，更支持劳动力市场平等，并且更左派。第三，代表性的后果因党派偏见和国家背景而异。亲女性领导层的刻板印象增加了对女性总统候选人和立法性别配额的支持，但在女性候选人的同党中，它们的影响较小，而当女性候选人是可行的但性别局外人时，它们就更重要。那些完全拒绝领导刻板印象的人不太支持配额。
ABSTRACT What are the sources and effects of gendered leadership stereotypes for women’s representation? We explore the role of stereotypes in shaping public attitudes toward women’s representation using AmericasBarometer survey data from 25 countries. We report three key results. First, the modal respondent in almost every country rejects gendered leadership stereotypes, affirming that women and men leaders are equally qualified on corruption and the economy. This holds even after we attempt to account for social desirability bias. Second, there are significant individual- and country-level determinants of stereotyping. In countries with higher women’s representation and labor force participation but without gender quotas, citizens are more likely to choose pro-female and neutral responses over pro-male stereotypes. At the individual level, those rejecting stereotypes are less authoritarian, more supportive of labor market equality, and more leftist than those reporting pro-female stereotypes. Third, the consequences for representation vary by partisanship and country context. Pro-female leadership stereotypes boost support for women presidential candidates and for legislative gender quotas, but they matter less among copartisans of women candidates, and they matter more when women candidates are viable but gendered outsiders. Those rejecting leadership stereotypes altogether are less supportive of quotas.