Drawing conclusions about causes from systematic reviews of risk factors: The Cambridge Quality Checklists
Drawing conclusions about causes from systematic reviews of risk factors: The Cambridge Quality Checklists
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DOI：
10.1007/s11292-008-9066-0
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Eisner, Manuel P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murray, Joseph;Farrington, David P.;Eisner, Manuel P.
系统评价总结了有关社会干预对犯罪、健康、教育和社会福利影响的证据。社会科学家还应该使用系统评价来研究风险因素，这些因素是这些结果自然发生的预测因素。为此，需要评估风险因素研究的质量。本文提出了三种新的方法质量检查表来识别高质量的风险因素研究。它们的设计目的是让审阅者可以分别总结有关相关性、风险因素和因果风险因素的最佳证据。研究需要适当的样本和测量来得出有关相关性的有效结论。研究需要前瞻性纵向数据才能得出有关风险因素的有效结论。而且，在缺乏实验证据的情况下，对照研究需要将风险因素随时间的变化与结果的变化进行比较，以得出关于因果风险因素的有效结论。
Systematic reviews summarize evidence about the effects of social interventions on crime, health, education, and social welfare. Social scientists should also use systematic reviews to study risk factors, which are naturally occurring predictors of these outcomes. To do this, the quality of risk factor research needs to be evaluated. This paper presents three new methodological quality checklists to identify high-quality risk factor research. They are designed so that reviewers can separately summarize the best evidence about correlates, risk factors, and causal risk factors. Studies need appropriate samples and measures to draw valid conclusions about correlates. Studies need prospective longitudinal data to draw valid conclusions about risk factors. And, in the absence of experimental evidence, controlled studies need to compare changes in risk factors over time with changes in outcomes to draw valid conclusions about causal risk factors.