Molecular Cloning and Polymorphism of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class IIB Gene of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Molecular Cloning and Polymorphism of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class IIB Gene of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
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DOI：
10.1007/s10528-012-9549-6
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Wang, Hui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dong, Zhong-Dian;Zhao, Yan;Wang, Hui
主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）是一个大的基因组区域，编码参与脊椎动物免疫反应的细胞蛋白。MHC分子一般有两类：I类和II类。MHC I类分子的功能是向CD8？细胞毒性T淋巴细胞。MHC II类分子结合来自细胞外病原体的外源肽，向t细胞受体呈递非自身肽，触发针对肽来源病原体的特异性免疫反应（Apanius et al. 1997; Corse et al. 2011）。一些研究发现，用致病菌或脂多糖挑战硬骨鱼可导致MHC类IIB基因的表达发生显著变化。由于MHC II类基因在T细胞和身体其他细胞之间复杂的免疫对话中起着至关重要的作用，因此它们可能是与疾病抗性相关的基因标记的候选者（Grimholt et al. 2003）。MHC基因具有高度的多态性，这是由于种群中每个特定位点存在多个位点和大量等位基因（Grimholt et al. 2003）。由于这种多样性，每个个体都能够结合并呈现各种肽配体。MHC II类基因的高多态性通常局限于编码a1和b1结构域肽结合区域的外显子2 （Wynne et al. 2007）。
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a large genomic region that encodes cellular proteins involved in the immune response in vertebrates. There are two general classes of MHC molecules: class I and class II. The function of the MHC class I molecule is the presentation of cytosolic peptides to the CD8? cytotoxic T lymphocytes. MHC class II molecules bind foreign peptides derived from extracellular pathogens for the presentation of nonself peptide to the T-cell receptor, triggering a specific immune response toward the pathogen from which the peptides are derived (Apanius et al. 1997; Corse et al. 2011). Some studies found that challenging teleosts with pathogenic bacteria or lipopolysaccharides could result in significant changes in the expression of MHC class IIB genes. Since MHC class II genes have a vital role in the complex immunologic dialog that must occur between T cells and other cells of the body, they are likely candidates as gene markers associated with disease resistance (Grimholt et al. 2003). MHC genes have a high degree of polymorphism, which results from the presence of multiple loci and numerous alleles at each given locus within populations (Grimholt et al. 2003). Owing to this diversity, each individual is able to bind and present a variety of peptide ligands. The high polymorphism found in MHC class II genes is generally confined to exon 2, which encodes the peptide-binding region in the a1-and b1-domain (Wynne et al. 2007).