The Neuropeptide Oxytocin Regulates Parochial Altruism in Intergroup Conflict Among Humans
The Neuropeptide Oxytocin Regulates Parochial Altruism in Intergroup Conflict Among Humans
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1189047
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发表时间：
2010-06-11
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Feith, Sander W. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Dreu, Carsten K. W.;Greer, Lindred L.;Feith, Sander W. W.
人类通过狭隘的利他主义来调节群体间的冲突；他们自我牺牲，为群体内的福利做出贡献，并攻击竞争性的外群体。狭隘的利他主义具有独特的生存功能，大脑的进化可能是为了维持和促进群体内的凝聚力和有效性，并抵御来自外群体的威胁。在这里，我们将催产素（一种下丘脑产生的神经肽）与群体间冲突的调节联系起来。在使用双盲安慰剂对照设计的三项实验中，男性参与者自行施用催产素或安慰剂，并做出对自己、他们的内群体和竞争外群体产生经济影响的决定。结果表明，催产素驱动“照顾和防御”反应，因为它促进群体内的信任与合作，以及对竞争性外群体的防御性而非进攻性攻击。
Humans regulate intergroup conflict through parochial altruism; they self-sacrifice to contribute to in-group welfare and to aggress against competing out-groups. Parochial altruism has distinct survival functions, and the brain may have evolved to sustain and promote in-group cohesion and effectiveness and to ward off threatening out-groups. Here, we have linked oxytocin, a neuropeptide produced in the hypothalamus, to the regulation of intergroup conflict. In three experiments using double-blind placebo-controlled designs, male participants self-administered oxytocin or placebo and made decisions with financial consequences to themselves, their in-group, and a competing out-group. Results showed that oxytocin drives a "tend and defend" response in that it promoted in-group trust and cooperation, and defensive, but not offensive, aggression toward competing out-groups.