The impact of HIV/AIDS on human development in African countries
The impact of HIV/AIDS on human development in African countries
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2458-9-s1-s3
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发表时间：
2009-11-18
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Boutayeb, Abdesslam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Boutayeb, Abdesslam
背景：在本文件中，我们审议了艾滋病毒/艾滋病对非洲国家人类发展的影响，表明除了健康问题之外，这一疾病应该而且必须被视为一个全球发展问题，影响到人类发展的所有组成部分。因此，我们强调多学科方法的必要性，以模拟、评估和预测艾滋病毒/艾滋病对非洲国家人类发展的实际影响，以优化国家、国际机构及其合作伙伴提出的战略。方法：在我们的搜索战略中，我们依赖于二次信息，主要是通过一些非洲国家的国家人类发展报告以及联合国(UN)、联合国开发计划署(Development)、世界卫生组织(WHO)和世界银行(World Bank)发布的定期出版物。结果和讨论：艾滋病毒/艾滋病正在影响非洲国家的健康和人口统计指标，如出生预期寿命、医疗援助、年龄和性别分布、收入、劳动力和经济增长等经济指标、教育和知识获取以及治理、性别不平等和人权等其他指标。结论：根据审查的国家报告，艾滋病毒/艾滋病显然不再是仅对医疗保健部门的危机，而是对所有部门的挑战。因此，艾滋病毒/艾滋病是一个发展问题，应该这样看待。这一疾病使人类发展的关键指标不断下降，从而使非洲国家正在努力取得的社会和经济成果发生逆转，从而阻碍了发展。它同时也是贫穷和不发达的原因和后果，它减少了减轻贫穷和饥饿、普及初等教育、促进两性平等、降低儿童和产妇死亡率以及确保环境可持续性的机会，从而对人类安全和人类发展构成了挑战。
Background: In the present paper, we consider the impact of HIV/AIDS on human development in African countries, showing that, beyond health issues, this disease should and must be seen as a global development concern, affecting all components of human development. Consequently, we stress the necessity of multidisciplinary approaches that model, estimate and predict the real impact of HIV/AIDS on human development of African countries in order to optimise the strategies proposed by national countries, international institutions and their partners.Methods: In our search strategy, we relied on secondary information, mainly through National Human Development Reports of some African countries and regular publications released by the United Nations (UN), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank. We restricted ourselves to reports dealing explicitly with the impact of HIV/AIDS on human development in African countries.Results and discussion: HIV/AIDS is affecting the global human development of African countries through its devastating impact on health and demographic indicators such as life expectancy at birth, healthcare assistance, age and sex distribution, economic indicators like income, work force, and economic growth, education and knowledge acquisition and other indicators like governance, gender inequality and human rights.Conclusion: On the basis of the national reports reviewed, it appears clearly that HIV/AIDS is no longer a crisis only for the healthcare sector, but presents a challenge to all sectors. Consequently, HIV/AIDS is a development question and should be viewed as such. The disease is impeding development by imposing a steady decline in the key indicators of human development and hence reversing the social and economic gains that African countries are striving to attain. Being at the same time a cause and consequence of poverty and underdevelopment, it constitutes a challenge to human security and human development by diminishing the chances of alleviating poverty and hunger, achieving universal primary education, promoting gender equality, reducing child and maternal mortality, and ensuring environmental sustainability.