Prevalence of Seropositivity to Pandemic Influenza A/H1N1 Virus in the United States following the 2009 Pandemic
Prevalence of Seropositivity to Pandemic Influenza A/H1N1 Virus in the United States following the 2009 Pandemic
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0048187
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发表时间：
2012-10-31
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Fry, Alicia M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reed, Carrie;Katz, Jacqueline M.;Fry, Alicia M.
背景：2009年4月在美国首次发现2009年大流行性流感A/H1N1（A（H1N1）pdm 09），并导致全球大流行。我们进行了一项血清学调查，以估计A（H1N1）pdm 09的累积发病率，到2009年底，当大流行活动已经减弱，在美国。方法：我们进行了一对横断面血清学调查之前和之后的春季/秋季波的大流行的血清阳性（滴度>= 40）的证据，使用血凝抑制（HI）试验。我们检测了来自2007-2008年全国健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的1，142份血清样本的基线样本，以及来自10个代表性地点的2，759份提交给临床诊断实验室进行常规筛查的血清样本。（95%CI：31.7-42.2%）。在调整基线交叉反应抗体、大流行疫苗接种覆盖率和HI检测的灵敏度/特异性后，我们估计20.2%的人可能会感染HIV。截至2009年12月，有53.3%（95%CI：10.1-28.3%）的人群感染了A（H1N1）pdm 09，（95%CI：39.0-67.1%）。结论：截至2009年12月，约五分之一的美国人口，即6190万人，可能感染了甲型H1N1流感病毒pdm 09，其中包括约一半的学龄儿童。
Background: 2009 pandemic influenza A/H1N1 (A(H1N1)pdm09) was first detected in the United States in April 2009 and resulted in a global pandemic. We conducted a serologic survey to estimate the cumulative incidence of A(H1N1) pdm09 through the end of 2009 when pandemic activity had waned in the United States.Methods: We conducted a pair of cross sectional serologic surveys before and after the spring/fall waves of the pandemic for evidence of seropositivity (titer >= 40) using the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. We tested a baseline sample of 1,142 serum specimens from the 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), and 2,759 serum specimens submitted for routine screening to clinical diagnostic laboratories from ten representative sites.Results: The age-adjusted prevalence of seropositivity to A(H1N1) pdm09 by year-end 2009 was 36.9% (95%CI: 31.7-42.2%). After adjusting for baseline cross-reactive antibody, pandemic vaccination coverage and the sensitivity/specificity of the HI assay, we estimate that 20.2% (95%CI: 10.1-28.3%) of the population was infected with A(H1N1) pdm09 by December 2009, including 53.3% (95%CI: 39.0-67.1%) of children aged 5-17 years.Conclusions: By December 2009, approximately one-fifth of the US population, or 61.9 million persons, may have been infected with A(H1N1) pdm09, including around half of school-aged children.