Cleaner fish coloration decreases predation risk in aggressive fangblenny mimics
Cleaner fish coloration decreases predation risk in aggressive fangblenny mimics
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更干净的鱼色可以降低攻击性尖牙拟态动物的捕食风险
DOI：
10.1093/beheco/art043
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. L. Cheney
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. L. Cheney
模仿系统可以根据模仿获得的健康益处的性质进行分类，即增加交配机会(生殖)、增加觅食潜力(攻击性)或降低捕食风险(保护性)。然而，越来越多的证据表明，模仿类别并不是相互排斥的，模仿可以从不止一个类别中获得好处。在这里，我提供的证据表明，攻击性的模仿，蓝色斑纹尖牙，也受益于降低捕食风险，通过类似幼年清洁工腊鱼Labroides dimidiatus，由于清洁工与客户互动的互惠性质，它们被认为相对不受捕食。蓝纹芳香鱼不是从较大的珊瑚鱼身上清除体外寄生虫，而是接近并攻击珊瑚鱼，去除鳞片和皮肤组织。Fangblennies可以在5-10分钟内在模仿和非模仿颜色之间切换，这取决于它们的模型(清洁鱼)是否存在。我发现，与非模仿的芳香相比，模仿的芳香增加了它们对潜在捕食者的冒险行为。与非模仿者相比，在捕食者在场的情况下，模仿者也更有可能攻击其他珊瑚礁鱼类。只有当动物感觉到捕食的威胁较低时，它们才应该增加冒险行为。因此，这项研究提供了重要的证据表明，更清洁的颜色为更清洁的鱼类及其仿制品提供了免受捕食的保护，并且必须根据这些数据重新评估攻击性模仿更清洁的鱼类的好处。
Mimicry systems can be classified by the nature of fitness benefits obtained by the mimic, namely increased mating opportunities (reproductive), increased foraging potential (aggressive), or reduced predation risk (protective). However, there is increasing evidence that mimicry categories are not mutually exclusive and mimics can obtain benefits from more than 1 category. Here, I provide evidence that an aggressive mimic, the bluestriped fangblenny Plagiotremus rhinorhynchos, also benefits from reduced predation risk by resembling the juvenile cleaner wrasse Labroides dimidiatus, which are thought to be relatively immune from predation due to the mutualistic nature of cleaner–client interactions. Instead of removing ectoparasites from larger reef fish, bluestriped fangblennies approach and attack reef fish removing scales and dermal tissue. Fangblennies can switch between their mimic and nonmimic coloration within 5–10min, depending on whether their model (the cleaner wrasse) is present or absent. I found that mimic fangblennies increased their risk-taking behavior toward potential predators compared with nonmimic fangblennies. Mimics were also more likely to attack other reef fish in the presence of predators compared with nonmimics. Animals should only increase risk-taking behavior when they perceive the threat of predation to be low. Therefore, this study provides important evidence that cleaner coloration provides protection from predation to both cleaner fish and their mimics, and the benefits of aggressive mimicry of cleaner wrasse have to be reevaluated in the light of these data.