Exposure to viral and bacterial pathogens among Soay sheep (Ovis aries) of the St Kilda archipelago.
Exposure to viral and bacterial pathogens among Soay sheep (Ovis aries) of the St Kilda archipelago.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0950268816000017
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发表时间：
2016-07
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Brülisauer F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Graham AL;Nussey DH;Lloyd-Smith JO;Longbottom D;Maley M;Pemberton JM;Pilkington JG;Prager KC;Smith L;Watt KA;Wilson K;McNEILLY TN;Brülisauer F
我们评估了暴露于病毒和细菌的证据，在一个不受管理和长期隔离的Soay羊（Ovis aries）居住在赫塔，在圣基尔达群岛，本贝库拉以西65公里的苏格兰外赫布里底群岛。绵羊窝藏许多后生动物和原生动物寄生虫，但他们接触病毒和细菌病原体是未知的。我们检测了白细胞中的疱疹病毒DNA，发现42只受试绵羊中有21只感染了绵羊疱疹病毒2型（OHV-2）。我们还测试了1997年至2010年期间收集的750份血浆样本，以证明苏格兰绵羊中常见的其他7种病毒和细菌制剂。我们发现了接触钩端螺旋体的证据，总体血清阳性率为6.5%。然而，血清学证据表明，该人群没有接触过边境病、副流感病毒、梅迪-维斯纳病毒或羊口疮病毒，也没有接触过流产衣原体。部分绵羊抗鸟分枝杆菌亚种抗体检测呈阳性。副结核杆菌（MAP），但在缺乏回顾性粪便样本的情况下，无法证实这种感染的存在。进口的作用，病原体-宿主相互作用，线虫共感染和本地传输保证未来的调查，阐明传输生态和健身效果的几个病毒和细菌病原体对Hirta。
We assessed evidence of exposure to viruses and bacteria in an unmanaged and long-isolated population of Soay sheep (Ovis aries) inhabiting Hirta, in the St Kilda archipelago, 65 km west of Benbecula in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. The sheep harbour many metazoan and protozoan parasites but their exposure to viral and bacterial pathogens is unknown. We tested for herpes viral DNA in leucocytes and found that 21 of 42 tested sheep were infected with ovine herpesvirus 2 (OHV-2). We also tested 750 plasma samples collected between 1997 and 2010 for evidence of exposure to seven other viral and bacterial agents common in domestic Scottish sheep. We found evidence of exposure to Leptospira spp., with overall seroprevalence of 6·5%. However, serological evidence indicated that the population had not been exposed to border disease, parainfluenza, maedi-visna, or orf viruses, nor to Chlamydia abortus. Some sheep tested positive for antibodies against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) but, in the absence of retrospective faecal samples, the presence of this infection could not be confirmed. The roles of importation, the pathogen–host interaction, nematode co-infection and local transmission warrant future investigation, to elucidate the transmission ecology and fitness effects of the few viral and bacterial pathogens on Hirta.