Aerobic Fitness and Executive Control of Relational Memory in Preadolescent Children
Aerobic Fitness and Executive Control of Relational Memory in Preadolescent Children
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e3181e9af48
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Cohen, Neal J.
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文献类型：
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作者：
Chaddock, Laura;Hillman, Charles H.;Cohen, Neal J.
查多克，L. C. H.希尔曼，S. M.巴克，N. J.科恩。青春期前儿童关系记忆的有氧适能与执行控制。医学科学。体育Exerc。，第43卷第2期，第344-349页，2011年。目的：儿童时期积极生活方式的神经认知益处具有公共卫生和教育意义，特别是在当今科技社会的儿童变得越来越超重、不健康和不适合的情况下。人类和动物研究表明，有氧运动影响前额叶执行控制和海马体功能。本研究试图通过使用认知任务来检查9岁和10岁儿童的有氧健身和关系记忆的执行控制之间的关系，从而弥合这些研究线索。方法：高配和低配儿童在单独项目（即非关系）和关系编码条件下学习面孔和房屋，随后进行由先前研究过的成对和成对全新项目组成的识别记忆试验。由于每个被试都参与了项目和关系编码条件，并且同时适用于项目和关系记忆线索的识别测试试验，该任务对记忆的灵活使用提出了挑战，特别是在使用适当的编码和检索策略方面。因此，该任务提供了对执行控制和记忆过程的测试。结果：在关系编码条件下，低拟合儿童的识别记忆表现比高拟合儿童差。有氧适应度与识别表现之间没有关联，面孔和房子作为单独的项目进行研究（即，非相关）。结论：研究结果表明，儿童有氧适能是关系记忆材料有效编码和检索执行控制过程能力的一个因素，也可能是前额叶和海马体依赖系统战略参与的一个因素。
CHADDOCK, L., C. H. HILLMAN, S. M. BUCK, and N. J. COHEN. Aerobic Fitness and Executive Control of Relational Memory in Preadolescent Children. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 344-349, 2011. Purpose: The neurocognitive benefits of an active lifestyle in childhood have public health and educational implications, especially as children in today's technological society are becoming increasingly overweight, unhealthy, and unfit. Human and animal studies show that aerobic exercise affects both prefrontal executive control and hippocampal function. This investigation attempts to bridge these research threads by using a cognitive task to examine the relationship between aerobic fitness and executive control of relational memory in preadolescent 9- and 10-yr-old children. Method: Higher-fit and lower-fit children studied faces and houses under individual item (i.e., nonrelational) and relational encoding conditions, and the children were subsequently tested with recognition memory trials consisting of previously studied pairs and pairs of completely new items. With each subject participating in both item and relational encoding conditions, and with recognition test trials amenable to the use of both item and relational memory cues, this task afforded a challenge to the flexible use of memory, specifically in the use of appropriate encoding and retrieval strategies. Hence, the task provided a test of both executive control and memory processes. Results: Lower-fit children showed poorer recognition memory performance than higher-fit children, selectively in the relational encoding condition. No association between aerobic fitness and recognition performance was found for faces and houses studied as individual items (i.e., nonrelationally). Conclusions: The findings implicate childhood aerobic fitness as a factor in the ability to use effective encoding and retrieval executive control processes for relational memory material and, possibly, in the strategic engagement of prefrontal-and hippocampal-dependent systems.