Controlling macromolecular structures towards effective antimicrobial polymers
Controlling macromolecular structures towards effective antimicrobial polymers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.polymer.2015.03.007
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发表时间：
2015-04-20
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Tang, Chuanbing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ganewatta, Mitra S.;Tang, Chuanbing
致病菌耐药是人类走向前抗生素时代的重大全球性问题。新型抗生素发现的减少和缺乏开发新型抗微生物药物的弹性平台使情况更加恶化。两亲性抗菌聚合物的根源来自抗菌肽，与小分子抗生素不同，它具有较低的耐药性，有望成为有效的抗菌药物。本文重点介绍了膜活性抗菌聚合物制备的最新进展。将强调设计各种类型的大分子结构，控制结构参数，如疏/亲水性平衡，分子量和离子基团，以获得强大的抗菌活性，同时最大限度地减少对哺乳动物细胞的毒性。还讨论了具有明确纳米结构的先进聚合物组件，包括核/壳状纳米物体和聚合物囊泡。最后，介绍了抗菌高分子材料在实际生物医学应用中面临的挑战和未来发展方向。(C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria is a major global problem leading humanity towards a pre-antibiotic era. Decline in the discovery of novel antibiotics and the lack of a resilient platform to develop novel antimicrobial agents worsens the situation. Amphiphilic antimicrobial polymers, which have roots coming from antimicrobial peptides, show promise as potent antimicrobials having low susceptibility for developing resistance, unlike small molecular antibiotics. This feature article highlights recent advances in the fabrication of membrane-active antimicrobial polymers. The design of various types of macromolecular architectures with control of structural parameters such as hydrophobicity/ hydrophilicity balance, molecular weight, and ionic groups will be emphasized in order to achieve strong antimicrobial activities while minimizing toxicity to mammalian cells. Advanced polymeric assemblies with well-defined nanostructures including core/shell shaped nano-objects and polymeric vesicles are also discussed. Lastly, current challenges and future directions in the field of antimicrobial polymers for ensuing practical biomedical applications are presented. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.