Global, regional and national consumption of major food groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis including 266 country-specific nutrition surveys worldwide.
Global, regional and national consumption of major food groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis including 266 country-specific nutrition surveys worldwide.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008705
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发表时间：
2015-09-24
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Global Burden of Diseases Nutrition and Chronic Diseases Expert Group (NutriCoDE)
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Micha R;Khatibzadeh S;Shi P;Andrews KG;Engell RE;Mozaffarian D;Global Burden of Diseases Nutrition and Chronic Diseases Expert Group (NutriCoDE)
量化1990年和2010年按区域（n=21）、国家（n=187）、年龄和性别分列的全球成人与非传染性疾病有关的主要食物摄入量。我们从113个国家的266项调查中检索并获得了全球16个年龄/性别组的个人摄入量数据。我们将这些数据与所有国家和年份的食物平衡表相结合。一个分层贝叶斯模型估计了每个年龄-性别-国家-年分层的平均食物摄入量和相关的不确定性，考虑了摄入量与供应量的差异、调查方法和代表性以及抽样和建模的不确定性。按年龄、性别、国家和时间分列的全球成年人口。2010年，全球水果摄入量为81.3克/天（95%不确定性区间为78.9-83.7），各国的摄入量范围为19.2-325.1克/天;只有2个国家（占世界人口的0.4%）的平均摄入量达到了≥300克/天的建议目标。 各国蔬菜摄入量范围为34.6-493.1克/天（全球平均值=208.8克/天）;坚果/种子的相应值为0.2-152.7克/天（8.9克/天）;全谷物为1.3-334.3克/天（38.4克/天）;海鲜为6.0-87.6克/天（27.9克/天）;红肉为3.0-124.2克/天（41.8克/天）;加工肉类为2.5-66.1克/天（13.7克/天）。 在占全球人口0.4%的国家中，蔬菜（≥400 g/天）、坚果/种子（≥4（28.35 g）份/周）、全谷物（≥2.5（50 g）份/天）、海鲜（≥3.5（100 g）份/周）、红肉（≤1（100 g）份/周）和加工肉类（≤1（50 g）份/周）的平均国民摄入量达到了推荐目标。 在老年人中，健康食品的摄入量通常较高，而不健康食品的摄入量通常较低。不同性别的摄入量基本相似。蔬菜、海鲜和加工肉类的摄入量随着时间的推移而稳定;水果、坚果/种子和红肉的摄入量增加;全谷物的摄入量减少。这些按国家、年龄和性别划分的全球饮食数据确定了优化饮食的关键挑战和机遇，为改善全球健康的政策和优先事项提供了信息。
To quantify global intakes of key foods related to non-communicable diseases in adults by region (n=21), country (n=187), age and sex, in 1990 and 2010. We searched and obtained individual-level intake data in 16 age/sex groups worldwide from 266 surveys across 113 countries. We combined these data with food balance sheets available in all nations and years. A hierarchical Bayesian model estimated mean food intake and associated uncertainty for each age-sex-country-year stratum, accounting for differences in intakes versus availability, survey methods and representativeness, and sampling and modelling uncertainty. Global adult population, by age, sex, country and time. In 2010, global fruit intake was 81.3 g/day (95% uncertainty interval 78.9–83.7), with country-specific intakes ranging from 19.2–325.1 g/day; in only 2 countries (representing 0.4% of the world's population), mean intakes met recommended targets of ≥300 g/day. Country-specific vegetable intake ranged from 34.6–493.1 g/day (global mean=208.8 g/day); corresponding values for nuts/seeds were 0.2–152.7 g/day (8.9 g/day); for whole grains, 1.3–334.3 g/day (38.4 g/day); for seafood, 6.0–87.6 g/day (27.9 g/day); for red meats, 3.0–124.2 g/day (41.8 g/day); and for processed meats, 2.5–66.1 g/day (13.7 g/day). Mean national intakes met recommended targets in countries representing 0.4% of the global population for vegetables (≥400 g/day); 9.6% for nuts/seeds (≥4 (28.35 g) servings/week); 7.6% for whole grains (≥2.5 (50 g) servings/day); 4.4% for seafood (≥3.5 (100 g) servings/week); 20.3% for red meats (≤1 (100 g) serving/week); and 38.5% for processed meats (≤1 (50 g) serving/week). Intakes of healthful foods were generally higher and of less healthful foods generally lower at older ages. Intakes were generally similar by sex. Vegetable, seafood and processed meat intakes were stable over time; fruits, nuts/seeds and red meat, increased; and whole grains, decreased. These global dietary data by nation, age and sex identify key challenges and opportunities for optimising diets, informing policies and priorities for improving global health.