Microbial Community Ecology & Insect Nutrition
Microbial Community Ecology & Insect Nutrition
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DOI：
10.1093/ae/46.3.173
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发表时间：
2000-07
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Kaufman;E. Walker;D. Odelson;M. Klug
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Kaufman;E. Walker;D. Odelson;M. Klug
正如许多人类关系可以深情地说，昆虫和微生物之间的联系可以追溯到很久以前。昆虫的基本营养缺乏、生物化学需要、甚至性相容性要求都是通过微生物"伙伴关系"来满足的（Bourtzis和奥尼尔1998，Moran和Telang 1998）。这些关系属于de Bary（1879）所创造的共生体的原始广义定义，它们广泛而多样，在许多情况下反映了共同进化的明显历史（Buchner 1965，Moran and Telang 1998）。虽然也有一个令人印象深刻的记录，什么可能被认为是"不健康的"昆虫微生物的关系（即，由于昆虫和其他宿主的病原性或寄生性微生物[参见施泰因豪斯1967，Lysenko 1985，Federici和Maddox 1996]），我们的重点将放在以某种基本方式有益于昆虫的关系上，特别是营养互惠关系和微生物作为食物的开发。这里使用的术语“微生物”及其派生词主要指细菌、真菌和原生动物，同时承认许多病毒和藻类也与各种昆虫物种密切相互作用。细菌、真菌和原生动物与昆虫的关系已经包括在以前的综述中（例如，Buchner 1965，施泰因豪斯1967，Boush and Coppel 1974，Breznak 1984 a，Jones 1984，坎贝尔1989，Prins and Kreulen 1991，Kane 1997，道格拉斯1998）。我们的目的是从稍微不同的角度突出几个例子，强调许多昆虫-微生物关系的复杂性和动态性，这些关系是通过当前微生物生态学中使用的技术揭示的。
As can be said fondly of many human relationships, associations between insects and microorganisms go back a long way. Basic nutritIonal deficiencies, biochemical needs, and even sexual compatibility requirements in insects are met through microbial “partnerships” (Bourtzis and O'Neill 1998, Moran and Telang 1998). These relationships, falling into the original broad definition of symbioses as coined by de Bary (1879), are widespread, varied, and, in many cases, reflect a pronounced history of co-evolution (Buchner 1965, Moran and Telang 1998). Although there is also an impressive record of what might be considered “unhealthy” insect-microbe relationships (i.e., microorganisms that are pathogenic or parasitic to insects and other hosts [see Steinhaus 1967, Lysenko 1985, Federici and Maddox 1996]), our focus will be on relationships benefiting insects in some fundamental way, particularly nutritional mutualisms and the exploitation of microorganisms as food items. The term ‘microorganism’ and its derivatives used here will refer mainly to bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, with the acknowledgment that many groups of viruses and algae also interact closely with a variety of insect species. Bacterial, fungal, and protozoal associations with insects have been included in previous reviews (e.g., Buchner 1965, Steinhaus 1967, Boush and Coppel 1974, Breznak 1984a, Jones 1984, Campbell 1989, Prins and Kreulen 1991, Kane 1997, Douglas 1998). It is our intent to highlight several examples from a slightly different perspective, stressing the complexity and dynamic nature of many insect-microbe relationships as revealed through current techniques used in microbial ecology.