Prevalence, diversity, and interaction patterns of avian haemosporidians in a four-year study of blackcaps in a migratory divide
Prevalence, diversity, and interaction patterns of avian haemosporidians in a four-year study of blackcaps in a migratory divide
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对迁徙鸿沟中的黑帽进行为期四年的研究，了解鸟类血孢子虫的患病率、多样性和相互作用模式
DOI：
10.1017/s0031182011000515
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
G. Segelbacher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Santiago‐Alarcon;R. Bloch;Gregor Rolshausen;H. Schaefer;G. Segelbacher
候鸟促进了鸟类寄生虫在遥远地点之间的移动，从而影响了寄生虫的分布和生态。在这里，我们分析了在德国西南部最近建立的一个跨越4年的迁徙分界线中感染黑帽（Sylvia atricapilla）种群的血孢子虫寄生虫的流行程度、多样性和相互作用模式。我们推测，2个同域黑帽繁殖种群的时空隔离（迁徙分界线）可能改变了生态相互作用，从而导致寄生虫群落结构根据迁徙路线的差异。我们使用线粒体DNA细胞色素b基因片段来确定血孢子虫的单倍型。2006 - 2009年共采集495只黑头莺，总感染率为70.3%（348只），不同年份和季节黑头莺的感染率存在显著差异。结果表明，黑头虫共感染27种寄生虫单倍型，其中2种混合感染中发现6种新的罕见的嗜血杆菌单倍型。其中以SYAT01（35.7%）和SYAT02（20.8%）单倍型感染最多。关联分析表明，SYAT01和SYAT02负相互作用，这意味着它们要么直接竞争宿主资源，要么间接引发交叉免疫反应。分子数据显示，尽管两个同域黑头鲸种群在时间和空间上存在一定的隔离，但不同迁徙路线黑头鲸的寄生群落之间没有明显差异。
SUMMARY Migratory birds contribute to the movement of avian parasites between distant locations, thereby influencing parasite distribution and ecology. Here we analyse the prevalence, diversity and interaction patterns of Haemosporida parasites infecting Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) populations in a recently established migratory divide of southwestern Germany across 4 years. We hypothesize that the temporal and spatial isolation provided by 2 sympatric Blackcap breeding populations (migratory divide) might modify ecological interactions and thus create differences in the structure of the parasite community according to migratory route. We used a fragment of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b gene to determine haemosporidian haplotypes. We detected an overall infection prevalence of 70·3% (348 out of 495 blackcaps sampled from 2006 to 2009), and prevalence rates were significantly different among years and seasons. We observed a total of 27 parasite haplotypes infecting blackcaps, from them 6 new rare Haemoproteus haplotypes were found in 2 mixed infections. H. parabelopolskyi haplotypes SYAT01 (35·7%) and SYAT02 (20·8%) comprised most of the infections. An association analysis suggests that SYAT01 and SYAT02 are interacting negatively, implying that they are either competing directly for host resources, or indirectly by eliciting a cross-immune response. Molecular data show no clear difference between the parasite communities infecting blackcaps with different migratory routes, despite some temporal and spatial isolation between the two sympatric blackcap populations.