Maternal smoking during pregnancy and psychopathology in offspring followed to adulthood
Maternal smoking during pregnancy and psychopathology in offspring followed to adulthood
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/00004583-199907000-00020
复制
发表时间：
1999-07-01
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Kandel, DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weissman, MM;Warner, V;Kandel, DB
目的：扩展孕期母亲吸烟与后代的注意缺陷多动障碍、行为障碍和药物滥用之间关联的几份独立报告的发现。方法：这是一项为期10年的纵向研究，在成年后的3个时间点进行评估。研究人员对50名报告在怀孕期间几乎每天吸至少10支烟的母亲的后代和97名报告在怀孕期间从不吸烟的母亲的后代进行了研究。对后代的精神病诊断进行盲测。结果：如果母亲在怀孕期间几乎每天吸烟10支或更多，男孩青春期前行为障碍的风险增加4倍以上，女孩青春期开始药物依赖的风险增加5倍以上。这些发现不能用母亲孕期药物滥用、父母精神诊断、家庭危险因素、子女产前和早期发育史、母亲产后吸烟或子女吸烟来解释。结论：孕期吸烟可能对后代的特定精神病理有长期影响。尼古丁对胎儿的潜在病理生理需要研究。研究结果表明，针对怀孕妇女的预防和戒烟计划的重要性。
Objective: To extend findings from several independent reports of an association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, and substance abuse in the offspring. Method: This is a IO-year longitudinal study of offspring assessed at 3 points in time into adulthood. Fifty offspring of mothers who reported smoking at least 10 cigarettes almost daily during pregnancy and 97 offspring of mothers who reported never smoking during pregnancy were studied. Psychiatric diagnosis in offspring was assessed blind to parental diagnosis. Results: There was a greater than 4-fold increased risk of prepubertal-onset conduct disorder in boys and a greater than 5-fold increased risk of adolescent-onset drug dependence in girls whose mothers smoked 10 or more cigarettes almost daily during pregnancy. These findings could not be explained by maternal substance abuse during pregnancy, parental psychiatric diagnosis, family risk factors, prenatal and early developmental history of offspring, postnatal maternal smoking, or smoking in the offspring. Conclusions: Maternal smoking during pregnancy may have a long-term effect on specific psychopathology in offspring. The underlying pathophysiology of nicotine on the fetus requires study. The findings suggest the importance of programs aimed at smoking prevention and cessation in women during pregnancy.