Quantum liquid with deconfined fractional excitations in three dimensions.
Quantum liquid with deconfined fractional excitations in three dimensions.
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三维解域分数激发的量子液体。
DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.103.247001
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
P. Fulde
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O. Sikora;F. Pollmann;N. Shannon;K. Penc;P. Fulde
具有分数量子数的激发存在于聚乙炔中的一维，以及分数量子霍尔效应的二维中。分数激发也被用来解释传统金属理论在广泛的三维材料中的崩溃。然而，分数激发在三维空间中的存在仍然存在很大争议。在这封信中，我们报道了在一个具体的三维微观模型--钻石晶格上的量子二聚体模型中存在支持分数激发的扩展量子液体的直接数值证据。我们明确地证明了分离分数级单体激发的能量成本在该液相中为零，并且它的能谱与(3+1)维量子电动力学中库仑相的能谱相匹配。
Excitations which carry "fractional" quantum numbers are known to exist in one dimension in polyacetylene, and in two dimensions, in the fractional quantum Hall effect. Fractional excitations have also been invoked to explain the breakdown of the conventional theory of metals in a wide range of three-dimensional materials. However, the existence of fractional excitations in three dimensions remains highly controversial. In this Letter we report direct numerical evidence for the existence of an extended quantum liquid phase supporting fractional excitations in a concrete, three-dimensional microscopic model-the quantum dimer model on a diamond lattice. We demonstrate explicitly that the energy cost of separating fractional monomer excitations vanishes in this liquid phase, and that its energy spectrum matches that of the Coulomb phase in (3+1)-dimensional quantum electrodynamics.