CULTURE AND SELF-PERCEPTION IN JAPAN AND THE UNITED-STATES
CULTURE AND SELF-PERCEPTION IN JAPAN AND THE UNITED-STATES
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.56.1.124
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发表时间：
1989-01-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
COUSINS, SD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
COUSINS, SD
我研究了文化意义系统对日本和美国大学生自我认知的影响。考虑到与美国人相比，社会环境对日本人自我的重要性，我使用了两种类型的自由回答格式：非情境化二十句测试（TST）和情境化问卷，要求受试者在各种情况下描述自己。与先前的研究一致，在TST上，日本受试者列出的抽象心理属性比美国受试者少，更多地涉及社会角色和行为背景。然而，在上下文格式上，这一趋势是相反的。日本人在抽象的心理属性方面得分高于美国人，后者倾向于限定自己的自我描述。此外，在TST上，日本人在高度抽象的全球自我指涉的数量上超过了美国人。结果表明，在这两种文化中，不同的人的文化观念而不是认知能力的差异对自我感知的影响。（PsycINFO数据库记录(c) 2016 APA，版权所有）
I examined the influence of cultural meaning systems on the perception of self among Japanese and American (United States) college students. Given the importance of social context to the Japanese self as compared with the US self, I used two types of free-response format: the noncontextualized Twenty Statements Test (TST), and a contextualized questionnaire asking subjects to describe themselves in various situations. Consistent with prior research, on the TST, Japanese subjects listed fewer abstract, psychological attributes than did American subjects, referring more to social role and behavioral context. On the contextualized format, however, this trend was reversed. Japanese scored higher on abstract, psychological attributes than did Americans, who tended to qualify their self-descriptions. In addition, on the TST, Japanese surpassed Americans in the number of highly abstract, global self-references. Results point to the impact of divergent cultural conceptions of the person rather than differences in cognitive ability on the perception of self in these two cultures.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)