Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in the community -: The 1996 Detroit Area Survey of Trauma
Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in the community -: The 1996 Detroit Area Survey of Trauma
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.55.7.626
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发表时间：
1998-07-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Andreski, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Breslau, N;Kessler, RC;Andreski, P
背景资料：该研究估计的相对重要性，在社区中经历的特定类型的创伤的患病率和风险，导致创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。方法：一个有代表性的样本，2181人在底特律地区年龄在18至45岁，通过电话采访，以评估一生的历史创伤事件和PTSD，根据DSM-IV。创伤后应激障碍进行了评估，相对于随机选择的创伤从每个受访者报告的创伤列表中，使用修改后的版本的诊断访谈时间表，版本IV，和世界卫生组织复合国际诊断interview.Results：创伤后应激障碍的条件风险暴露于创伤后为9，2%。PTSD的最高风险与攻击性暴力有关（20.9%）。在PTSD患者中，最常报告为突发事件的创伤（占所有PTSD病例的31%）是亲人的突然意外死亡，60%的样本经历过这种事件，并且有中度PTSD风险（14.3%）。女性PTSD的风险高于男性，控制类型的traumas.Conclusions：创伤后应激障碍的风险与创伤的代表性样本是低于以前的估计。以前的研究通过关注受访者经历过的最糟糕的事件高估了PTSD的条件风险虽然最近的研究集中在战斗，强奸和其他攻击性暴力作为PTSD的原因，但亲人的突然意外死亡是社区PTSD的一个更重要的原因，占PTSD病例的近三分之一。
Background: The study estimates the relative importance of specific types of traumas experienced in the community in terms of their prevalence and risk of leading to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Methods: A representative sample of 2181 persons in the Detroit area aged 18 to 45 years were interviewed by telephone to assess the lifetime history of traumatic events and PTSD, according to DSM-IV. Posttraumatic stress disorder was assessed with respect to a randomly selected trauma from the list of traumas reported by each respondent, using a modified version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule, Version IV, and the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic interview.Results: The conditional risk of PTSD following exposure to trauma was 9,2%. The highest risk of PTSD was associated with assaultive violence (20.9%). The trauma most often reported as the precipitating event among persons with PTSD (31% of all PTSD cases) was sudden unexpected death of a loved one, an event experienced by 60% of the sample, and with a moderate risk of PTSD (14.3%). Women were at higher risk of PTSD than men, controlling for type of trauma.Conclusions: The risk of PTSD associated with a representative sample of traumas is less than previously estimated. Previous studies have overestimated the conditional risk of PTSD by focusing on the worst events the respondents had ever experienced Although recent research has focused on combat, rape, and other assaultive violence as causes of PTSD, sudden unexpected death of a loved one is a far more important cause of PTSD in the community, accounting for nearly one third of PTSD cases.