Holographic Integrated Sensing and Communication
Holographic Integrated Sensing and Communication
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DOI：
10.1109/jsac.2022.3155548
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发表时间：
2022-07
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
Haobo Zhang;Hongliang Zhang;Boya Di;M. D. Renzo;Zhu Han;H. Poor;Lingyang Song
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Haobo Zhang;Hongliang Zhang;Boya Di;M. D. Renzo;Zhu Han;H. Poor;Lingyang Song
为了克服频谱拥塞，一种很有前途的方法是将传感和通信（ISAC）功能集成在一个硬件平台上。近年来，超材料天线被开发出来，其可调谐辐射元件比传统的多输入多输出（MIMO）阵列排列得更密集，通过提供更好的天线波束方向图可控性来提高传感和通信性能。本文提出了一种全息波束形成方案，该方案由辐射幅值可调的超材料天线实现，同时具有传感和通信功能。然而，考虑到全息波束形成独特的幅度控制结构，设计ISAC功能的波束形成器是一个挑战。为了解决这一挑战，我们提出了一个集成传感和通信问题来优化波束形成器，并设计了一个全息波束形成优化算法来有效地解决所提出的问题。通过理论分析，给出了最大波束图增益的下界，揭示了在超材料天线中密集部署多个元件所获得的潜在性能增强增益。仿真结果证实了理论分析，并表明采用全息波束形成方案的超材料天线的最大波束形成增益比相同尺寸的传统MIMO阵列至少提高50%。此外，在提供相同ISAC性能的情况下，该方案的成本低于传统MIMO方案。
To overcome spectrum congestion, a promising approach is to integrate sensing and communication (ISAC) functions in one hardware platform. Recently, metamaterial antennas, whose tunable radiation elements are arranged more densely than those of traditional multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) arrays, have been developed to enhance the sensing and communication performance by offering a finer controllability of the antenna beampattern. In this paper, we propose a holographic beamforming scheme, which is enabled by metamaterial antennas with tunable radiated amplitudes, that jointly performs sensing and communication. However, it is challenging to design the beamformer for ISAC functions by taking into account the unique amplitude-controlled structure of holographic beamforming. To address this challenge, we formulate an integrated sensing and communication problem to optimize the beamformer, and design a holographic beamforming optimization algorithm to efficiently solve the formulated problem. A lower bound for the maximum beampattern gain is provided through theoretical analysis, which reveals the potential performance enhancement gain that is obtained by densely deploying several elements in a metamaterial antenna. Simulation results substantiate the theoretical analysis and show that the maximum beamforming gain of a metamaterial antenna that utilizes the proposed holographic beamforming scheme can be increased by at least 50% compared with that of a traditional MIMO array of the same size. In addition, the cost of the proposed scheme is lower than that of a traditional MIMO scheme while providing the same ISAC performance.