From narrative to database
From narrative to database
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从叙述到数据库
DOI：
10.1177/1462474504046119
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Aas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Aas
信息技术是一种文化环境，要求其用户在一定的范围内进行交流。本文探讨了当代刑罚知识如何发生变化才能被信息社会接受为知识。计算机实现了基于格式化通信的刑事治理，并依赖于数据库而不是个人决策者的专业知识。因此，管理数据库的规则成为知识本质和身份构成的核心。数据库作为一种文化形式，不同于叙事。它是没有内部开发的项目集合。数据库对其对象进行分类，并在此过程中赋予它们额外的社会身份。构成数据库的垂直和水平领域倾向于以高度讽刺但立即可用的形式构建个人身份（Poster，1990）。数据库身份是分散的、高度抽象的和去上下文化的。因此，它反对叙事身份以及福柯的“下降的个体化”。有人建议，数据库可以被视为无叙事权力和远程政府的一个例子（Simon，1995）。
Information technology is a cultural environment that requires its users to communicate within certain parameters. This article explores how contemporary penal knowledge has changed in order to be accepted as knowledge in the information society. Computers enable penal governance that is based on formatted communication, and relies on databases rather than on the expertise of individual decision-makers. The rules governing the database thus become central for the nature of knowledge and identity constitution. The database, as a cultural form, differs from the narrative. It is a collection of items without an internal development. The database classifies its objects and in the process gives them additional social identities. The vertical and horizontal fields that constitute the database tend to construct individual identities in highly caricatured yet immediately available form (Poster, 1990). The database identity is dispersed, highly abstract and de-contextualized. As such it is opposed to narrative identity as well as Foucault’s ‘descending individualization’. It will be suggested that the database can be seen as an example of power without narrative (Simon, 1995) and government-at-a-distance.