MIPs are ancestral ligands for the sex peptide receptor
MIPs are ancestral ligands for the sex peptide receptor
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0914764107
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发表时间：
2010-04-06
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Dickson, Barry J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kim, Young-Joon;Bartalska, Katarina;Dickson, Barry J.
在交配时，许多动物物种的雌性在行为上经历了戏剧性的变化。果蝇交配后的行为是由性肽（sex peptide，SP）触发的。性肽是雄性果蝇在交配过程中产生并转移到雌性果蝇体内的。SP通过性肽受体（SPR）调节雌性动物的行为，SPR位于一小部分支配雌性动物子宫的内部感觉神经元中，并投射到中枢神经系统。虽然只需要在这些女性感觉神经元交配后的反应，SPR广泛表达在中枢神经系统的两种性别。此外，SPR也在缺乏明显SP直系同源物的昆虫基因组中编码。这些观察结果表明SPR可能具有额外的配体和功能。在这里，我们确定肌抑制肽（MIPs）作为SPR配体的第二个家庭，是保守的范围广泛的无脊椎动物物种。MIPs在体外是果蝇、伊蚊和果蝇SPRs的有效激动剂，但在体内不能触发交配后反应。与SP相反，MIP不在雄性生殖器官中产生，并且在果蝇雌性中不需要交配后行为。我们的结论是，MIP是进化上保守的SPR配体，这是可能介导的功能以外的女性生殖行为的调节。
Upon mating, females of many animal species undergo dramatic changes in their behavior. In Drosophila melanogaster, postmating behaviors are triggered by sex peptide (SP), which is produced in the male seminal fluid and transferred to female during copulation. SP modulates female behaviors via sex peptide receptor (SPR) located in a small subset of internal sensory neurons that innervate the female uterus and project to the CNS. Although required for postmating responses only in these female sensory neurons, SPR is expressed broadly in the CNS of both sexes. Moreover, SPR is also encoded in the genomes of insects that lack obvious SP orthologs. These observations suggest that SPR may have additional ligands and functions. Here, we identify myoinhibitory peptides (MIPs) as a second family of SPR ligands that is conserved across a wide range of invertebrate species. MIPs are potent agonists for Drosophila, Aedes, and Aplysia SPRs in vitro, yet are unable to trigger postmating responses in vivo. In contrast to SP, MIPs are not produced in male reproductive organs, and are not required for postmating behaviors in Drosophila females. We conclude that MIPs are evolutionarily conserved ligands for SPR, which are likely to mediate functions other than the regulation of female reproductive behaviors.