Fine-tuning of ULK1 mRNA and protein levels is required for autophagy oscillation.
Fine-tuning of ULK1 mRNA and protein levels is required for autophagy oscillation.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.201605089
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发表时间:
2016-12-19
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Cecconi F
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nazio F;Carinci M;Valacca C;Bielli P;Strappazzon F;Antonioli M;Ciccosanti F;Rodolfo C;Campello S;Fimia GM;Sette C;Bonaldo P;Cecconi F
ULK1 is a key kinase in autophagy initiation. Nazio et al. demonstrate that the E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4L targets ULK1 for degradation soon after autophagy induction, whereas a simultaneous ULK1 mRNA transcription is needed for priming subsequent rounds of autophagy. Autophagy is an intracellular degradation pathway whose levels are tightly controlled to secure cell homeostasis. Unc-51–like kinase 1 (ULK1) is a conserved serine–threonine kinase that plays a central role in the initiation of autophagy. Here, we report that upon autophagy progression, ULK1 protein levels are specifically down-regulated by the E3 ligase NEDD4L, which ubiquitylates ULK1 for degradation by the proteasome. However, whereas ULK1 protein is degraded, ULK1 mRNA is actively transcribed. Upon reactivation of mTOR-dependent protein synthesis, basal levels of ULK1 are promptly restored, but the activity of newly synthesized ULK1 is inhibited by mTOR. This prepares the cell for a new possible round of autophagy stimulation. Our results thus place NEDD4L and ULK1 in a key position to control oscillatory activation of autophagy during prolonged stress to keep the levels of this process under a safe and physiological threshold.
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