The nature and timing of landscape change at Cerro Benítez, Última Esperanza, southern Patagonia (52°S): New insights into the history of megafaunal extinctions and human occupation
The nature and timing of landscape change at Cerro Benítez, Última Esperanza, southern Patagonia (52°S): New insights into the history of megafaunal extinctions and human occupation
复制标题
巴塔哥尼亚南部（南纬 52°）乌尔蒂玛埃斯佩兰萨贝尼特斯山景观变化的性质和时间：对巨型动物灭绝和人类占领历史的新见解
DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2021.07.018
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
E. Tisdall
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. McCulloch;C. Mansilla;F. Martin;L. Borrero;R. Staff;E. Tisdall
本文报道了Última Esperanza Seno的Cerro Benítez（51°33’s 72°35’w）晚冰期-全新世古环境记录。来自封闭盆地沼泽的花粉和孢子记录，提供了对过去~16,000年的戏剧性景观变化的深入了解。AMS放射性碳定年，辅以荧光年代学的应用，提供了强有力的年龄约束。我们的景观变化记录与Cerro周围的洞穴和岩石避难所的考古记录摘要一起设置Benítez。我们的记录开始了。16.3 ka，冰川从该地区撤退后的某个时间，描述了一个大型食草动物喜欢的无树景观。大约14.9 ka，南部山毛榉树开始迁移到该地区，但景观仍然开放，有足够的空地供食草动物使用。在公元前12.0 ka，森林面积急剧扩大，但大型哺乳动物的减少似乎在大约700年前就开始了，与狩猎采集者到达该地区的时间一致。12.7 ka。然而，没有考古证据表明人类引发了大规模的杀戮事件，Cerro Benítez很可能是早期猎人的边缘资源区，随着全新世景观的变化，它时而受欢迎，时而失宠；最初，在全新世早期干燥期（c. 11.0-8.0 ka）不太有利，而在全新世中后期更有利，尽管越来越多地补充了更远（~ 5-10 km）的物质，包括来自Almirante Montt海湾的海洋资源。
A new Late glacial – Holocene palaeoenvironmental record from Cerro Benítez (51°33′S 72°35′W), Seno Última Esperanza, is presented. A pollen and spore record, from a closed basin mire, provides insight into the dramatic landscape changes spanning the past ~16,000 years. AMS radiocarbon dating, supplemented by the application of tephrochronology, provides robust age constraint. Our record of landscape change is set alongside a summary of the archaeofaunal records from the suite of caves and rock shelters that surround Cerro Benítez. Our record beginsc. 16.3 ka, sometime after glacier retreat from the area, and describes a treeless landscape favoured by large grazing animals. Atc. 14.9 ka, southern beech trees began to migrate into the area, but the landscape remained open with sufficient open ground for grazers. Atc. 12.0 ka there was a dramatic expansion of woodland, but the decline of large mammals appears to have started some ~700 years earlier and is coincident with the arrival of hunter-gatherers in the areac. 12.7 ka. However, there is no archaeological evidence for human induced mass killing events, and it is likely that Cerro Benítez was a marginal resource area for early hunters that fell in and out of favour as the landscape changed during the Holocene; initially, less favourable during the early Holocene dry period (c. 11.0–8.0 ka) and more in favour during the mid-to late Holocene, although increasingly supplemented by more distant (~5–10 km) materials, including marine resources from the Golfo Almirante Montt.
影响因子：
4
作者：
B. Zolitschka;F. Anselmetti;D. Arizteguí;H. Corbella;P. Francus;A. Lücke;N. Maidana;C. Ohlendorf;F. Schäbitz;S. Wastegård
通讯作者：
B. Zolitschka;F. Anselmetti;D. Arizteguí;H. Corbella;P. Francus;A. Lücke;N. Maidana;C. Ohlendorf;F. Schäbitz;S. Wastegård