World Bank experiments in housing: microfinance for self-organised housing in Mexico in the era of financial inclusion

World Bank experiments in housing: microfinance for self-organised housing in Mexico in the era of financial inclusion
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世界银行住房实验:金融普惠时代墨西哥自组织住房小额信贷

DOI:
10.1080/19491247.2021.1898897
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
L. Escobar
L. Escobar
中科院分区:
法学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Grubbauer;L. Escobar

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在普惠金融议程的框架下,穷人的住房和穷人的住房已经成为一个实验领域。这些试验包括引入小额、非抵押贷款,专门用于建设和改善自组织住房。本文详细介绍了自21世纪初以来,在世界银行的支持下,墨西哥是如何引入此类住房小额信贷计划的。我们强调如何通过旨在墨西哥住房部门结构改革的几笔贷款促进新计划的推出。然而,尽管包裹在有利于穷人的话语中,它最终的目标是将住房融资扩大到中低收入群体。然而,随后的执行是一个复杂而漫长的过程。我们认为,它的特点是在国家机构内部以及国家行为体、世界银行代表和民间社会之间进行实验、谈判和失败。结论表明,墨西哥的住房议程是一个由金融引发的实验领域,其中政府更迭导致的制度破裂与当地住房协会和活动家的长期参与相抵触。后者在为金融驱动的利益设定值得注意的限制方面发挥了重要作用。
Framed by an agenda of financial inclusion, housing for and by the poor has become a field of experimentation. These experiments have included the introduction of small, non-mortgage loans dedicated to the construction and improvement of self-organised housing. This paper provides a close reading of how such housing microfinance schemes have been introduced in Mexico with the support of the World Bank since the early 2000s. We highlight how the roll-out of the new schemes has been facilitated through several loans aimed at structural reforms of the Mexican housing sector. Yet while wrapped in a pro-poor discourse, it ultimately served the goal of expanding housing finance to low and middle-income groups. The ensuing implementation, however, was a complex and protracted process. We argue that it was characterised by experimentation, negotiations, and failures, both within state institutions as well as between state actors, World Bank representatives, and civil society. The conclusion presents Mexico’s housing agendas as a field of finance-induced experimentation, in which institutional ruptures resulting from the changes in government rub against the long-term engagement of local housing associations and activists. The latter have played an important role in setting noteworthy limits to financially driven interests.
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