The role of memory and restricted context in repeated visual search
The role of memory and restricted context in repeated visual search
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DOI：
10.3758/pp.70.2.314
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wolfe, Jeremy M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kunar, Melina A.;Flusberg, Stephen;Wolfe, Jeremy M.
先前的研究表明，当参与者通过相同的不变的显示进行数百次试验(重复搜索)时，视觉搜索的效率并没有提高，即使参与者对搜索显示有清晰的记忆。在本文中，我们提出两个重要问题。首先，为什么参与者不使用记忆来帮助搜索重复显示的内容？第二，能否引入语境，以便参与者能够将注意力引导到相关的重复项目上？实验1-4表明，参与者选择不使用记忆策略，因为在这些条件下，重复记忆搜索实际上比重复视觉搜索效率更低，尽管后者本身效率相对较低。然而，当视觉搜索任务被赋予上下文时，只有部分项目是相关的，参与者可以学习将他们的注意力限制在相关的刺激上(实验5和6)。
Previous studies have shown that the efficiency of visual search does not improve when participants search through the same unchanging display for hundreds of trials (repeated search), even though the participants have a clear memory of the search display. In this article, we ask two important questions. First, why do participants not use memory to help search the repeated display? Second, can context be introduced so that participants are able to guide their attention to the relevant repeated items? Experiments 1-4 show that participants choose not to use a memory strategy because, under these conditions, repeated memory search is actually less efficient than repeated visual search, even though the latter task is in itself relatively inefficient. However, when the visual search task is given context, so that only a subset of the items are ever pertinent, participants can learn to restrict their attention to the relevant stimuli (Experiments 5 and 6).