Complementarity and redundancy of interactions enhance attack rates and spatial stability in host-parasitoid food webs.
Complementarity and redundancy of interactions enhance attack rates and spatial stability in host-parasitoid food webs.
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DOI：
10.1890/13-1569.1
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发表时间：
2014-07
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Guadalupe Peralta;Carol M. Frost;T. Rand;R. Didham;J. Tylianakis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guadalupe Peralta;Carol M. Frost;T. Rand;R. Didham;J. Tylianakis
资源互补利用和物种冗余是生态系统中增加和稳定过程速率的两种机制。例如，捕食者的互补性和冗余性可以决定猎物的消耗率和它们的稳定性，但很少有研究考虑到多个捕食者物种攻击多个猎物在不同的速度在自然群落。因此，目前尚不清楚这些生物多样性机制是否是整个捕食者-猎物组合消费的重要决定因素，例如食物网相互作用结构决定了整个社区的消费和稳定性。在这里，我们使用实证定量食物网研究功能互补性和冗余的消费者（寄生蜂）在温带森林中的草食动物控制的社区范围内的影响。我们发现，寄生蜂利用宿主资源的互补性是一个强有力的预测绝对寄生率在社区层面上，冗余的主机使用模式稳定了整个社区的寄生率在空间，但不是通过时间。这些影响可能解释先前捕食者多样性研究的矛盾结果。系统发育多样性（使用分类距离测量）并不能解释功能互补性或寄生率，因此不能作为功能互补性的替代指标。我们的研究表明，已知的机制支持捕食者多样性的功能和稳定性的影响，可以很容易地扩展到连接食物网的生态系统功能。
Complementary resource use and redundancy of species that fulfill the same ecological role are two mechanisms that can respectively increase and stabilize process rates in ecosystems. For example, predator complementarity and redundancy can determine prey consumption rates and their stability, yet few studies take into account the multiple predator species attacking multiple prey at different rates in natural communities. Thus, it remains unclear whether these biodiversity mechanisms are important determinants of consumption in entire predator-prey assemblages, such that food-web interaction structure determines community-wide consumption and stability. Here, we use empirical quantitative food webs to study the community-wide effects of functional complementarity and redundancy of consumers (parasitoids) on herbivore control in temperate forests. We find that complementarity in host resource use by parasitoids was a strong predictor of absolute parasitism rates at the community level and that redundancy in host-use patterns stabilized community-wide parasitism rates in space, but not through time. These effects can potentially explain previous contradictory results from predator diversity research. Phylogenetic diversity (measured using taxonomic distance) did not explain functional complementarity or parasitism rates, so could not serve as a surrogate measure for functional complementarity. Our study shows that known mechanisms underpinning predator diversity effects on both functioning and stability can easily be extended to link food webs to ecosystem functioning.