Arrovian Social Choice on Economic Domains
Arrovian Social Choice on Economic Domains
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经济领域的阿罗式社会选择
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-349-25849-9_7
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Breton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Breton
自阿罗的开创性工作(1951,1963)以来，社会选择理论发展了悠久的研究传统，即当决策者必须解决群体中个人之间的利益冲突或判断时，这些原则应该指导他们。在Arrow考虑的序数不可比较框架中，社会选择问题由偏好概况和可行集合来描述。社会选择对应为每个社会选择问题从可行集合中选择结果的子集。阿罗着重阐述了三个原则。第一个(弱Pareto)对给定偏好配置文件和给定可行集的选择集施加了一些约束。第二种选择公理(Arrow‘s Choice Axiom)要求当可行集以特定方式缩小，但偏好曲线是固定的时，选择集不变。第三个问题(不可行选方案的独立性)要求选择集不变，但可行集是固定的。社会选择对应的领域包括所有可能出现的社会选择问题的偏好简档和可行集对。Arrow证明了，如果域包含所有可能的偏好简档(无限制偏好域)和所有有限子集(无限制可行集域)，则只有专制的社会选择对应满足这三个原则。此后，声明的最后部分将被称为箭头不一致。
Since the pioneering work of Arrow (1951, 1963), social choice theory has developed a long tradition of research on the principles that should guide decision-makers when they have to solve conflicts of interests or judgements among the individuals in a group. In the ordinal non-comparability framework considered by Arrow a social choice issue is described by a profile of preferences and a feasible set. A Social Choice Correspondence selects for each social choice issue a subset of outcomes from the feasible set. Arrow focused on three principles. The first one (weak Pareto) puts some constraints on the set of choices for a given preference profile and a given feasible set. The second one (Arrow’s Choice Axiom) demands invariance of the set of choices when the feasible set shrinks in a specific way but the preference profile is fixed. The third one (Independence of Infeasible Alternatives) demands invariance of the set of choices when the preference profile changes in a specific way but the feasible set is fixed. The domain of the social choice correspondence consists of all the pairs of preference profiles and feasible sets that may arise as possible social choice issues. Arrow proved that if the domain contains all possible preference profiles (Unrestricted Preference Domain) and all finite subsets (Unrestricted Feasible Set Domain) then only the dictatorial social choice correspondences meet the three principles. Hereafter the last part of the statement will be referred to as the Arrow inconsistency.