Synthesizing Quantum-Circuit Optimizers

Synthesizing Quantum-Circuit Optimizers
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合成量子电路优化器

DOI:
10.1145/3591254
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Albarghouthi, Aws
Albarghouthi, Aws
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xu, Amanda;Molavi, Abtin;Pick, Lauren;Tannu, Swamit;Albarghouthi, Aws

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预计近期量子计算机将在每个操作都有噪声的环境中工作,没有错误校正。因此,应用量子电路优化器来最小化噪声操作的数量。今天,物理学家们不断地尝试新的设备和架构。对于每一个新的物理基底和量子计算机的每一次修改,我们都需要修改或重写优化器的主要部分,以运行成功的实验。在本文中,我们提出了QUESO,自动合成一个给定的量子器件的量子电路优化的有效方法。例如,在1.2分钟内,QUESO可以为IBM计算机合成一个具有高概率正确性保证的优化器,该优化器在不同基准测试套件中的大多数(85%)电路上的性能明显优于领先的编译器,如IBM的Qiskit和TKET。QUESO的基础是许多理论和算法见解:(1)表示重写规则及其语义的代数方法。这有助于推理复杂的symbolicrewrite规则,超出了现有技术的范围。(2)通过将问题归结为多项式恒等式检验的一种特殊形式,实现了量子电路等价性的快速概率检验。(3)一种新的概率数据结构,称为多项式身份过滤器(PIF),有效地合成重写规则。(4)一种基于波束搜索的算法,有效地应用合成的符号重写规则来优化量子电路。
Near-term quantum computers are expected to work in an environment where each operation is noisy, with no error correction. Therefore, quantum-circuit optimizers are applied to minimize the number of noisy operations. Today, physicists are constantly experimenting with novel devices and architectures. For every new physical substrate and for every modification of a quantum computer, we need to modify or rewrite major pieces of the optimizer to run successful experiments. In this paper, we present QUESO, an efficient approach for automatically synthesizing a quantum-circuit optimizer for a given quantum device. For instance, in 1.2 minutes, QUESO can synthesize an optimizer with high-probability correctness guarantees for IBM computers that significantly outperforms leading compilers, such as IBM's Qiskit and TKET, on the majority (85%) of the circuits in a diverse benchmark suite.A number of theoretical and algorithmic insights underlie QUESO: (1) An algebraic approach for representing rewrite rules and their semantics. This facilitates reasoning about complexsymbolicrewrite rules that are beyond the scope of existing techniques. (2) A fast approach for probabilistically verifying equivalence of quantum circuits by reducing the problem to a special form ofpolynomial identity testing. (3) A novel probabilistic data structure, called apolynomial identity filter(PIF), for efficiently synthesizing rewrite rules. (4) A beam-search-based algorithm that efficiently applies the synthesized symbolic rewrite rules to optimize quantum circuits.
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