Basic principles of control of breathing.
Basic principles of control of breathing.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rcc.2005.02.011
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bshouty, Zoheir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Corne, Stephen;Bshouty, Zoheir
身体的代谢需求，包括氧气的消耗和二氧化碳的去除，在健康和疾病中变化很大。通风必须调整以满足这些需求，并适应意志和行为活动。呼吸的控制依赖于一个复杂的反馈控制系统，它整合了通气的自动和意志方面。传感器，包括化学感受器和肺容量感受器，将信息中继到主要位于髓质中的中央控制器。中央控制器整合这些信息，并确定效应器（呼吸运动神经元和肌肉）的激活水平，这会影响通气和气体交换。来自脑桥上结构的输入，包括大脑皮层，在将呼吸的意志方面整合到控制系统中也很重要。
The metabolic demands of the body, including consumption of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide, vary widely in health and disease. Ventilation must adjust to meet these demands and accommodate volitional and behavioral activities. Control of breathing depends on a complex and intricate feedback control system that integrates these automatic and volitional aspects of ventilation. Sensors, including chemoreceptors and lung volume receptors, relay information to a central controller located primarily in the medulla. The central controller integrates this information and determines the level of activation of the effectors (the respiratory motoneurons and muscles), which affects ventilation and gas exchange. Inputs from suprapontine structures, including the cerebral cortex, are also important in integrating volitional aspects of breathing into the control system.