European patterns of labour market entry. A dichotomy of occupationalized vs. non-occupationalized systems?
European patterns of labour market entry. A dichotomy of occupationalized vs. non-occupationalized systems?
复制标题
欧洲劳动力市场进入模式。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Gangl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Gangl
最近许多关于从学校到工作的过渡的比较研究都围绕着过渡安排的体制二分法概念，这种二分法将具有广泛职业培训和学徒制度的国家的职业劳动力市场与教育和就业制度一体化程度较低的国家的组织市场区分开来。本研究通过评估12个欧盟国家的劳动力市场进入模式在多大程度上符合预期的二分法来审视这一想法。基于聚类和判别分析，三个而不是两个典型的模式从分析中出现：第一，欧洲大陆国家运行广泛的职业培训系统;第二，那些北方欧洲国家缺乏这样的系统，最后，一个同质的一组南欧国家。虽然第一个对比显然与目前关于培训制度与劳动力市场之间联系的影响的制度主义论点大致一致，但对南欧情况的偏离却缺乏解释。研究结果表明，需要将额外的制度方面纳入当前的转型研究，但也强调类型学方法的局限性，在解释跨国差异的过渡过程中更普遍。
Many recent comparative studies of school-to-work transitions have revolved around the notion of an institutional dichotomy of transition arrangements that distinguishes the occupational labour markets of countries exhibiting extensive systems of vocational training and apprenticeships from the organizational markets found in countries with less integrated education and employment systems. This study scrutinizes this idea by assessing the extent to which patterns of labour market entry in twelve European Union countries empirically conform to the expected dichotomy. Based on cluster and discriminant analyses, three rather than two typical patterns emerge from the analyses: first, the continental European countries running extensive vocational training systems; second, those Northern European countries lacking such systems, and finally, a homogeneous set of Southern European countries. While the first contrast is apparently broadly consistent with current institutionalist arguments about the impact of linkages between training systems and labour markets, the explanation for the deviation of the Southern European case is wanting. The results suggest both the need to incorporate additional institutional aspects into current transition research, but also stress the limitations of typological approaches in explaining cross-national differences in transition processes more generally.