The Missing Link between Black Holes in High-mass X-Ray Binaries and Gravitational-wave Sources: Observational Selection Effects
The Missing Link between Black Holes in High-mass X-Ray Binaries and Gravitational-wave Sources: Observational Selection Effects
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/acb8b2
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发表时间：
2022-10
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Camille Liotine;M. Zevin;C. Berry;Zoheyr Doctor;V. Kalogera
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作者：
Camille Liotine;M. Zevin;C. Berry;Zoheyr Doctor;V. Kalogera
很少有观测到的高质量X射线双星（HMXB）包含大质量黑洞（BH），并且没有一个可能导致在哈勃时间内合并的双星黑洞（BBH）;然而，我们知道存在大质量合并的BBH引力波（GW）观测。我们调查的作用，X射线和GW观测选择的影响，在确定其各自检测到的二进制人口的属性。我们发现，作为选择效应的结果，可检测的HMXB和可检测的BBHs形成在不同的红移和金属丰度，与可检测的HMXB形成在更低的红移和更高的金属丰度比可检测的BBHs。我们还发现这些人群的质量分布的差异，与可检测的合并BBH祖细胞拉到更高的组件质量相对于完全可检测的HMXB人口。在我们的模拟种群中，少于3%的可检测的HMXB宿主BH> 35 M。此外，我们发现，一个可检测的HMXB将合并为一个BBH系统的哈勃时间内的概率是10.6%。因此，预测没有当前观察到的HMXB以高概率形成合并BBH是不足为奇的。
There are few observed high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) that harbor massive black holes (BHs), and none are likely to result in a binary black hole (BBH) that merges within a Hubble time; however, we know that massive merging BBHs exist from gravitational-wave (GW) observations. We investigate the role that X-ray and GW observational selection effects play in determining the properties of their respective detected binary populations. We find that, as a result of selection effects, detectable HMXBs and detectable BBHs form at different redshifts and metallicities, with detectable HMXBs forming at much lower redshifts and higher metallicities than detectable BBHs. We also find disparities in the mass distributions of these populations, with detectable merging BBH progenitors pulling to higher component masses relative to the full detectable HMXB population. Fewer than 3% of detectable HMXBs host BHs >35M ⊙ in our simulated populations. Furthermore, we find the probability that a detectable HMXB will merge as a BBH system within a Hubble time is ≃0.6%. Thus, it is unsurprising that no currently observed HMXB is predicted to form a merging BBH with high probability.