Increased erythrocytic osmotic fragility in anemic domestic shorthair and purebred cats.
Increased erythrocytic osmotic fragility in anemic domestic shorthair and purebred cats.
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DOI：
10.1177/1098612x15587574
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发表时间：
2016-06
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Giger U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tritschler C;Mizukami K;Raj K;Giger U
贫血的阿比西尼亚猫和索马里猫报告了红细胞渗透脆性增加和脾肿大。在这里，我们报告这种情况下，贫血家猫和其他两个品种，并描述了共同的特点，临床病理资料，管理和结果。贫血猫，阿比西尼亚人和索马里人除外。进行了红细胞渗透脆性试验，排除了已知的贫血原因，随访了病情，并审查了病历。12只绝育的猫在0.5-9岁之间首次发现贫血。通常观察到苍白、嗜睡、食欲不振、异食癖、体重减轻和脾肿大。观察到中度至重度大红细胞和低色素性贫血伴可变再生。传染病筛查、直接库姆斯试验和丙酮酸激酶DNA突变试验结果均为阴性。新鲜抽取的血液未出现溶血，但在4°C储存期间逐渐溶解。S形渗透脆性曲线中度至重度右移，表明20°C时红细胞脆性。交叉校正研究表明，内在的红细胞效应，而不是血浆效应。大多数猫接受免疫抑制剂量的泼尼松龙和多西环素治疗，反应不同。五只猫复发性或持续性贫血反应良好，脾切除术。然而，两只猫偶尔复发严重贫血：一只在一次发作期间被发现为Bartonella vinsonii阳性，并对阿奇霉素和泼尼松龙有反应，而另一只猫有两次不明原因的严重贫血发作。最后，6只猫在首次出现后1个月和7年内被安乐死。6例脾脏组织学表现以淤血和髓外造血为主。与阿比西尼亚猫和索马里猫相似，家猫和其他品种的猫也会出现严重的红细胞渗透脆性，伴有贫血和脾肿大，这应被视为贫血猫的鉴别诊断。
Increased erythrocytic osmotic fragility and splenomegaly were reported in anemic Abyssinian and Somali cats. Here we report about this condition in anemic domestic shorthair cats and two other breeds and describe common features of the clinicopathological profiles, management and outcomes. Anemic cats, other than Abyssinians and Somalis. The erythrocytic osmotic fragility test was performed, known causes of anemia were excluded, the illness was followed, and medical records were reviewed. Twelve neutered cats were first found to be anemic between 0.5-9 years of age. Pallor, lethargy, inappetence, pica, weight loss and splenomegaly were commonly observed. A moderate to severe macrocytic and hypochromic anemia with variable regeneration was noted. Infectious disease screening, direct Coombs’, and pyruvate kinase DNA mutation test results were negative. Freshly drawn blood did not appear hemolyzed but became progressively lyzed during storage at 4°C. The sigmoid osmotic fragility curves were moderately to severely right shifted indicating erythrocytic fragility at 20°C. Cross-correction studies indicated an intrinsic red cell effect rather than plasma effect. Most cats were treated with immunosuppressive doses of prednisolone and doxycycline with variable responses. Five cats with recurrent or persistent anemia responded well to splenectomy. However, two had occasional recurrence of severe anemia: one was found to be Bartonella vinsonii positive during one episode and responded to azithromycin and prednisolone, while the other cat had two episodes of severe anemia of unknown cause. Finally, six cats were euthanized within 1 month and 7 years after initial presentation. Histopathology of 6 spleens revealed mainly congestion and extramedullary hematopoiesis. Similar to Abyssinian and Somali cats, domestic shorthair and cats of other breeds can also develop severe erythrocytic osmotic fragility with anemia and splenomegaly, which should be considered as a differential diagnosis in anemic cats.