Scenario-based scales measuring cultural orientations of business owners
Scenario-based scales measuring cultural orientations of business owners
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DOI：
10.1007/s00191-006-0047-z
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发表时间：
2007-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
C. König;Holger Steinmetz;M. Frese;A. Rauch;Zhong-Ming Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. König;Holger Steinmetz;M. Frese;A. Rauch;Zhong-Ming Wang
我们认为，创业研究中的许多跨文化测量方法都存在缺陷，需要在个人层面上测量文化取向。我们编制了基于情景的量表，测量了企业主的七种文化取向，即不确定性回避、权力距离、群体集体主义、自信、未来取向、人文取向和绩效取向。这种文化取向体现在企业主在他们的企业中应用的实践中。我们在461名中国和德国企业主身上验证了量表的有效性。对中国量表和德国量表的不变性的评估表明，它们具有跨文化效度，因此可以进行有意义的跨文化比较。此外，该量表具有良好的重测信度。对七种文化取向及其效度结构之间的关系的评估表明，这些量表具有结构效度，因此可以对行为进行准确的描述和预测。
We argue that many approaches to cross-cultural measurement in entrepreneurship research have been flawed and that there is a need for scales measuring cultural orientations at the individual level. We developed scenario-based scales measuring seven cultural orientations of business owners, namely uncertainty avoidance, power distance, in-group collectivism, assertiveness, future orientation, humane orientation, and performance orientation. The cultural orientations are manifested in the practices business owners apply in their businesses. We validated the scales on 461 Chinese and German business owners. The assessment of the scales’ invariance across China and Germany suggests that they hold cross-cultural validity and thus allow for meaningful cross-cultural comparisons. Moreover, the scales show good test-retest reliabilities. The assessment of the relationships between the seven cultural orientations and their validation constructs suggests that the scales hold construct validity and thus allow for accurate descriptions and predictions of behaviors.