What are the best quorum rules? A laboratory investigation
What are the best quorum rules? A laboratory investigation
复制标题
最好的法定人数规则是什么？
DOI：
10.1007/s11127-019-00749-6
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
C. Vanberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luís Aguiar‐Conraria;Pedro C. Magalhães;C. Vanberg
许多具有直接民主机制的政治制度都采用了阻止简单多数规则做出决定的规则。在全国公投中，最常添加到多数规则中的措施是法定人数要求。最常见的两个是参与和批准法定人数。这些规则是对三个主要问题的回应：公投结果的合法性、代表性以及在需要广泛共识的问题上对少数群体的保护。在关键选民模型的指导下，我们进行了一项实验室实验，以调查不同法定人数在实现这些目标方面的表现。我们介绍了与该主题之前的工作相关的两项主要创新。首先，部分选民出于公民责任感去投票。其次，我们测试文献中最近提出的不同法定人数（拒绝法定人数）的性能。我们的结论是，根据首选标准，批准或拒绝法定人数是最好的。
Many political systems with direct democracy mechanisms have adopted rules preventing decisions from being made by simple majority rule. The device added most commonly to majority rule in national referendums is a quorum requirement. The two most common are participation and approval quorums. Such rules are responses to three major concerns: the legitimacy of the referendum outcome, its representativeness, and protection of minorities regarding issues that should demand a broad consensus. Guided by a pivotal voter model, we conduct a laboratory experiment to investigate the performances of different quorums in attaining such goals. We introduce two main innovations in relation to previous work on the topic. First, part of the electorate goes to the polls out of a sense of civic duty. Second, we test the performances of a different quorum, the rejection quorum, recently proposed in the literature. We conclude that, depending on the preferred criterion, either the approval or the rejection quorum is the best.