Change from conventional to organic rice farming system: biophysical and socioeconomic reasons
Change from conventional to organic rice farming system: biophysical and socioeconomic reasons
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从传统稻米耕作系统向有机稻米耕作系统的转变：生物物理和社会经济原因
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
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通讯作者：
S. Neve
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Sukristiyonubowo;H. Wiwik;A. Sofyan;H. Benito;S. Neve
参与式农村评价在三个街道开展，分别是；2008年10月，印度尼西亚斯拉根地区的Gondang、Kedawung和Sambirejo。这些地点代表了三种水稻种植方式，即传统的、低外部投入的半有机和全有机水稻种植。目的是研究从传统水稻种植系统向有机水稻种植系统转变的生物物理和社会经济原因。采用土地历史利用、维恩图法、现场监测与评分法等参与式农村评价方法，并进行了现场直接访谈和农户家访。结果表明，改作半有机和全有机水稻的最大效益是土壤肥力的提高、销售价格和收入的提高、稻米品质的提高和健康程度的提高以及病虫害的减少。提高土壤化学和物理肥力是全有机水稻种植组的首要任务和第二任务，提高收入和改善土壤性质是半有机水稻种植组的首要任务。半有机稻和全有机稻的经济效益分别为1230万印尼盾（1367美元）和1440万印尼盾（1600美元），B/C比分别为4.5和6.0。这些制度为社会所接受，鼓励集体工作。
Participatory Rural Appraisal was carried out in three sub districts namely; Gondang, Kedawung, and Sambirejo of Sragen District, Indonesia in October, 2008. These sites represented three rice farming namely conventional, low external input called semi organic and fully organic rice farming. The aim was to study biophysical and socioeconomic reasons of conversion from conventional to organic rice farming systems. Several methods of participatory rural appraisal were applied, namely historical land use, Venn diagram, field monitoring and ranking and scoring, besides direct interview in the field and visit farmers house. The results showed improving soil fertility, better selling price and income, better and healthier rice quality and less pest and diseases attack were the most benefits obtained from the conversion to semi and fully organic rice farming. Improving both chemical and physical soil fertility were put in the first and second rank for fully organic rice farming group, while better income and improving soil properties were for the semi organic rice farming group. The economic benefits were about 12,300,000 IDR (1,367 USD) and 14,400,000 IDR (1,600 USD) ha-1 season-1 with B/C ratio 4.5 and 6.0 for semi and fully organic rice farming, respectively. These systems are socially accepted encouraging communal works.