Effects of home-based bodyweight squat training on neuromuscular properties in community-dwelling older adults
Effects of home-based bodyweight squat training on neuromuscular properties in community-dwelling older adults
复制标题
家庭自重深蹲训练对社区老年人神经肌肉特性的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s40520-023-02370-6
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Watanabe Kohei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hirono Tetsuya;Kunugi Shun;Yoshimura Akane;Ueda Saeko;Goto Ryokichi;Akatsu Hiroyasu;Watanabe Kohei
背景研究神经和肌肉形态适应对于评估运动训练对老年人的影响非常重要。目的本研究旨在调查家庭自重深蹲训练对老年人神经肌肉适应的影响。方法25 名社区居住的老年人（77.7±5.0 岁）被分配到深蹲（SQU）组或对照组（CON）。 SQU 组的参与者每天进行 100 次自重深蹲，而 CON 组的其他参与者仅进行日常活动，持续 4 个月。评估次最大收缩期间的最大膝关节伸展扭矩和高密度表面肌电图。个体运动单位 (MU) 被识别并分为相对低或高复动阈值 MU 组。计算了每个 MU 组的发射率。使用超声波评估大腿外侧的肌肉厚度和回声强度。作为身体测试，进行了通常的步态速度、计时起立测试、握力和五次椅子站立测试。结果虽然两组中的肌肉力量、肌肉厚度、回声强度或身体测试均没有改善，但干预后 SQU 组相对较低的募集阈值 MU 的放电率显着下降。结论这些结果表明，低强度的家庭深蹲训练即使进行高重复和高频率的运动，也不能显着改善肌肉力量或身体功能，但可以稍微调节社区老年人的神经激活。
BackgroundIt is important to investigate neural as well as muscle morphological adaptations to evaluate the effects of exercise training on older adults.AimsThis study was aimed to investigate the effects of home-based bodyweight squat training on neuromuscular adaptation in older adults.MethodsTwenty-five community-dwelling older adults (77.7 ± 5.0 years) were assigned to squat (SQU) or control (CON) groups. Those in the SQU group performed 100 bodyweight squats every day and the others in the CON group only performed daily activities for 4 months. Maximum knee extension torque and high-density surface electromyography during submaximal contraction were assessed. Individual motor units (MUs) were identified and divided into relatively low or high-recruitment threshold MU groups. Firing rates of each MU group were calculated. The muscle thickness and echo intensity of the lateral thigh were assessed using ultrasound. As physical tests, usual gait speed, timed up and go test, grip strength, and five-time chair stand test were performed.ResultsWhile no improvements in muscle strength, muscle thickness, echo intensity, or physical tests were noted in either group, the firing rate of relatively low recruitment threshold MUs significantly decreased in the SQU group after intervention.ConclusionsThese results suggest that low-intensity home-based squat training could not improve markedly muscle strength or physical functions even if high-repetition and high frequency exercise, but could modulate slightly neural activation in community-dwelling older adults.